29. Sub-component 1.3 Natural resource management (US$14.1 million). The objective of this sub-component is to
increase farmers’ awareness of their soils, water situation and bio hazards, and succeed in replacing blanket
recommendations with test-based recommendations and CSA. This will entail generation of agro-technological and other
maps, including by using digital and remote-sensing technologies, a broader menu of options for farmers as a part of the
development of GAP and climate-smart mechanization tailored to specific needs of agro-ecological zones of the country.
This sub-component will have three focus areas: (i) enhancing land productivity, through improving soil fertility/health
and addressing land degradation (especially high soil salinity in many parts of Uzbekistan); (ii) water conservation,
through use of latest technologies and practices, including digital and remotely-sensed technologies; (iii) pests and other
bio and natural hazards; and (iv) build capacity of MOA and other public institutions on climate-smart practices that lead
to reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fertilizer use. Declining soil fertility and high soil salinity in Uzbekistan
hamper agricultural productivity, thereby making investments in land productivity enhancement imperative. Especially
for horticulture farmers a basic knowledge about soil status, nutrient management, water conservation and other CSA
practices is lacking. Land that is currently being shifted from cotton and wheat to horticulture production is often of
degraded (poor quality and saline), requiring additional farm investments in fertility recovery and maintenance.
30. Support under this sub-component will include: (i) upgrading soil and water testing laboratory infrastructure; (ii)
strengthening land mapping capacities (with investments in technical assistance, critical equipment, ICT and software)
and digitalizing land/soil map information with open-data access; (iii) developing best practice guidelines on soil
monitoring, mechanization practices/techniques, and fertilizer use adjusted to different soil types and agro-ecological
zones as part of GAP guidelines and CSA capacity building, while making this information available to farmers through
field-based extension services; (iv) supporting design of climate-smart and small farm suitable machinery and equipment;
and (v) piloting new digital technologies for soil and water testing/scanning, specifically portable field-based soil testing
equipment to allow extension/advisory service officers to provide real time advice to farmers on soil and water quality
and on adjustments needed to enhance natural resource management. The sub-component will also support capacity
building to experts, scientists and local communities in natural resource management through a combination of:
(a) awareness creation and training; (b) provision of field and office equipment and critical supplies; and (c) provision of
extension services such as demonstrations, field days and ‘hands-on’ exercises.