2017 2018 Cotton
1,298,100
1,201,200
1,108,200
Wheat
1,445,900
1,411,100
1,386,300
Corn and other grains
271,600
255,600
314,578
Potatoes
80,600
78,800
86,800
Vegetables
194,000
189,700
219,000
Melons
52,000
52,300
52,600
Wine grapes
128,300
114,500
113,300
Orchards
266,400
271,600
319,200
TOTAL 3,736,900 3,574,800 3,599,978 Source: State Statistics Committee of Uzbekistan (2018). 3. Although about 85 percent of arable land is being cultivated by large farms, they make a relatively small contribution to GAO due to low per hectare value. In 2018, there were 75,000 large farms, with an average size of 100
ha, allocating most (more than 80 percent) of their land to production of cotton and wheat. These farms generated only
30 percent of GAO. This proportion has not changed during the last decade – large farms have always generated such a
small share of GAO despite the large land allocation and public expenditures devoted to stimulating production of cotton
and wheat. The main reason is that per hectare value from cotton and wheat is much smaller than that from the majority
of horticulture products. Although they are produced on 10 percent of arable land area by 4.9 million small dehkan farms
and household plots, horticulture products accounted for 50 percent of crop production and 70 percent of GAO in 2018.
4. Larger farms have underperformed in terms of generating GAO also due to the state order system for producing cotton and wheat. That system has led to the reduction of the production value by keeping the farm-gate prices artificially
low, forcing production on unsuitable soils, and interfering into farm management decisions. The WB estimates that
