Yaponiyada maktabgacha ta`lim va tarbiya berish usullari

Ключ слова

« амаэ » из семейства высокий важность , Личное пример , к Эмоции взаимоотношения , система « Икудзи » : бог , слуга . и равный , система « Икудзи » : бог , слуга. и равно

Annotation
This in the article of humanity the most great and the most the first task to be a child education of approach the most beautiful methods about word is conducted . A person never one thing good morality dear and noble do it ca n't Ethics of a person belief with directly depends . That's why for the people among , immoral religion no is called Hosni behavior from long ago of people the most important decoration being came _ Algebra science founder , great thinker Our grandfather Al- Khorazmi " Kamil with 1000 people we evaluate , human good behavior for "1" to it we will give , come descent , descent cleanliness of "1" for back We write one "0" and get "10". will be if a person beautiful husna have then after "10". again We write one "0" and get "100". will be if a person learned and if he is rich , behind "100". again we write one "0" , i.e. "1000". perfect a person harvest it's good . But "1" out of "1000" ie good morality take what are the "0"s if we drop them important have will be None how important have " It won't happen. " thought said , good misbehaving of a person another achievements to zero equalizes _ Good behavior while of a person modesty , chastity , honor such as the most important to qualities ownership with is evaluated . That's it because of this article through of the world the most beautiful mannered from nationalities one has been Japanese in the nation to the children education to give methods will be lit.


Key words

" amae " , of the family high importance , Personal example , to Emotions relationship , " Ikudzi " system : god , servant and equal , " Ikudzi " system : god , servant and equal to

Kirish
Yapon bolalari tarbiyali, odobli, oqko‘ngil va kamdan-kam hollarda o‘z hissiyotlari ustidan nazoratni yo‘qotadi. AdMe nashri ana shunday mustahkam tarbiyaning besh sirini taqdim etdi. Ona va bola juda yaqin: “amae”ning muhimligi Yaponiyada ona va bola juda yaqin. Bu yaqinlik maishiy hayotda ham aks etadi: ona va bola birga uxlaydi, ona bolani uzoq vaqt ko‘tarib yuradi. Birga uxlash va bolani ko‘tarib yurish haqida yapon badiiy adabiyotida ko‘plab eslatmalarni topish mumkin. Ona-bola aloqasi hissiy darajada aks etadi: ona bola qilayotgan hamma narsani mehr, sabr va g‘amxo‘rlik bilan qabul qiladi.
“Ikudzi” prinsipiga asosan (bola avval xudo, keyin xizmatkor), besh yoshgacha bolaga hamma narsa mumkin. Bu ko‘plab xorijliklar o‘ylaganidek irodasizlik va bo‘ysunmaslik emas. Bu bolada “men yaxshi va sevimliman” tushunchasini hosil qilish hisoblanadi.

Bunday munosabat “amae”ning shakllanishiga hissa qo‘shadi. Bu so‘zning boshqa tillarda muqobili yo‘q. “Amae” — bolalar va ota-onalar o‘rtasidagi munosabatlar asosi bo‘lib, bolalar to‘laligicha ota-onalariga va ularning mehriga suyanishi mumkin. Qariyalar esa katta yoshli bolalaridan xuddi shu narsani qabul qilib oladi.

Aslida, “ikudzi” falsafasi inson manfaatlari ikkinchi darajaga tushadigan jamoaviy jamiyat a’zolarini tarbiyalashga yo‘naltirilgan. Bu o‘ziga xos stress, yapon ota-onalar shunday sharoitlarda tizimda o‘z o‘rnini topadigan va o‘z qadrini yo‘qotmaydigan barkamol shaxsni tarbiyalashga harakat qiladi.

Birinchi bosqichda (xudo) ular bolani cheksiz mehr va ko‘mak bilan o‘rab oladi. Ikkinchi bosqichda (xizmatkor) bu mehr hech qayerga ketmaydi, shunchaki bola jamiyat qoidalarini faol o‘rganadi va unda o‘z o‘rnini topishga harakat qiladi. Bunda dastlabki yillarda shakllangan onaga kuchli bog‘lanish bolaga katta ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Bola onasining jahlini chiqarmaslik uchun o‘zini to‘gri tutishga harakat qiladi.

Qiziq tomoni shundaki, yapon ta’lim muassasalarida nafaqat ta’limga, balki tarbiyaga ham alohida e’tibor qaratiladi, ularda atrofdagilarning eng yaxshisi va eng yomoni tushunchasi mavjud emas.
Uchinchi bosqichda (teng) bola jamiyatning shakllangan a’zosi hisoblanadi. Uni tarbiyalashga kech bo‘ladi va ota-onalar o‘z urinishlari hosilini yig‘ib olishi kerak bo‘ladi.