Greenhouse Gas (ghg) Emissions by Sector

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Sources: WRI CAIT 4.0, 2017, FAOSTAT, 2018 
Note: Emission totals have been rounded 
 
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions by Sector 
According to the World Resources Institute Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (WRI CAIT), 
Uzbekistan’s 2014 GHG profile was dominated by emissions from the energy sector, which 
accounted for 89.4% of total GHG emissions. 
Nearly half (49%) of GHGs from energy were 
due to fugitive emissions, which occur from 
leaks or other unintended or irregular releases 
of gases. Agriculture was a distant second 
GHG source contributing 13.1% of total 
emissions, followed by industrial processes (IP) 
and waste, which contributed 2.7%, and 2.4% 
respectively. Uzbekistan’s land-use change and 
forestry (LUCF) sector was a net carbon sink, 
absorbing 16.40 MtCO
2
e more than was 
emitted from that sector in 2014.
1
Uzbekistan’s 
Third National Communication
 
(TNC) to the UNFCCC, submitted in 2017, 
includes a 
GHG inventory
 for the years 1990-
2012 and shows energy activities to have been 
the greatest source of emissions in 2012 
(81.9%), followed by agriculture (10.5%), 
industrial processes (3.8%), and waste (3.8%).
2
The TNC found LUCF to have been a carbon 
sink in 2012, removing 2.9 MtCO
2
e more than 
were emitted.
Change in GHG Emissions in Uzbekistan (1990-2014)
3
 
According to WRI CAIT, Uzbekistan’s GHG emissions increased by 13% (25.05 MtCO
2
e) from 
1990 to 2014, with an average annual change of 0.6%. The change in GHG emissions from 
Uzbekistan’s most significant sources is discussed below.
Energy: The heart of the Uzbek economy is its fuel and energy complex, consisting of 
electricity generation (including hydropower), thermal power, oil and gas, and coal production.
4
Since independence, the sector has grown quickly due to foreign and domestic investment. 
Uzbekistan is now the world’s eighth-largest producer of natural gas.
5
Since 1990-1991, the 
annual hydrocarbon materials extraction volume has increased by more than 60%, while the 
length of the main gas pipelines has increased by 1.4 times, and the length of gas distribution 
grids has tripled.
6
WRI CAIT data show energy emissions increased by 19% (30.31 MtCO
2
e) from 1990 to 2014, 
due to growth in fugitive emissions. Uzbekistan’s TNC identifies fugitives from oil and gas and 
fuel combustion as the most significant sources of GHGs from energy activities. From 1990 to 
2014, fugitive emissions more than doubled, increasing by 103% (47.58 MtCO
2
e). Growing 
residential and commercial demand for natural gas and an increase in exports has led to 
increased transportation of natural gas, and emissions have increased in spite of significant 
investment in the sector Meanwhile, emissions from other significant sources – other fuel 
combustion and production of electricity and heat – decreased by 42% (25.99 MtCO
2
e) and 
12% (5.65 MtCO
2
e) respectively.
7
This reduction may be explained by Uzbekistan’s transition to 
cleaner fuels. The shares of oil and coal in total primary energy supply decreased by 15% and 
4% respectively, while the share of natural gas increased by 18%.
8
Approximately 90% of