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"Indo-Aryan migration" refers to the theory that speakers of Indo-Aryan languages migrated into the Indian subcontinent during the 2nd millennium BCE, as opposed to being autochthonous to the region.
Based on linguistic evidence, many scholars have argued that Indo-Aryan speakers migrated to northern India following the breakup of Proto-Indo-Iranian, which corresponds to an initial wave of Indo-Iranian expansion out of Central Asia. These scholars argue that, in India, the Indo-Aryans were amalgamated with the remnants of the Indus Valley civilization, a process that gave rise to Vedic civilization.
Archaeological data indicates that there was a shift of settlements from the Indus Valley region to the east and south during the later 2nd millennium BCE, but is inconclusive with regard to a preceding immigration into India.
The linguistic facts of the situation are little disputed. However, linguistic data alone cannot determine whether this migration was peaceful or invasive. Different linguists have argued for either, or for a combination of both, on extra-linguistic grounds.
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