Azərbaycan Texniki Universiteti
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Muellim:İradə Vəliyeva
Nikola Tesla
Nikola Tesla was born on July 10, 1856 in the town of Similjan, present-day Serbia. Tesla’s father was a priest. He wanted his son to become a priest like him. His mother was an illiterate woman, but widely known as the inventor of practical household appliances
Tesla was one of five children in the family. His first surname was Draganic, but when he came of age, he did not want to use this surname, so he applied to the court and changed it to Tesla. His older brother died in a horse accident when he was 12 years old. Some sources write that his brother’s horse was frightened by Tesla, which is why the accident occurred. Since he lost his brother when he was still a child, Tesla developed many obsessions and showed symptoms similar to schizophrenia. Nikola Tesla had three sisters named Milca, Angelina and Marica.
In 1875, Tesla studied at the University of Technology in Graz, Austria, while on a military border scholarship.In 1882, Tesla began working for the Continental Edison Company in France to improve and design electrical equipment.After Tesla left Edison’s company, he became a partner in 1886 with two businessmen, Robert Lane and Benjamin Vale.They agreed to finance (Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing), a company named after Tesla.
One of Tesla’s prototypes was an alternating current asynchronous machine, a power system prototype developed in the laboratory in 1887, which began to be built in the United States and Europe due to its advantages in long-distance high-voltage transmission. To turn the motor, the machine used a three-phase current that produced a rotating magnetic field
Demonstration of Tesla's three-phase system at the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago
From 1892 to 1894, Tesla served as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (alongside the Institute of Radio Engineers), now known as the IEEE.Beginning in 1894, Tesla began researching «invisible» types of radiant energy (later identified as X-rays) after seeing damaged photographic film in his laboratory during earlier experiments.
X-ray of the hand taken by Tesla
A multiple-exposure image of Tesla sitting next to his «Magnifier Transmitter» in his laboratory, which produced millions of volts (one of 68 images created in Colorado Springs by Century Magazine photographer Dickinson). The 7 meter long arcs were not part of normal operation and were created for effect by rapidly cycling the circuit breaker
In 1902, Tesla’s laboratory activities moved from Houston Street to Wardencliffe.Tesla’s Wardencliff factory on Long Island in 1904. Using this device, Tesla demonstrated the wireless transmission of electricity across the Atlantic.
On November 6, 1915, the Reuters news agency reported from London that Nikola Tesla and Thomas Edison were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics this year. Tesla received one of the possible 38 tenders in 1937.Later in his life, after studying the Van de Graff generator, Tesla made claims about the «teleforce» weapon.
After midnight in the fall of 1937, Tesla left the New Yorker Hotel to go to the library and then to church to feed the pigeons. While crossing the street of several neighborhoods of the hotel, he could not pass a moving taxi and the car hit him and knocked him to the ground. Tesla’s back was badly damaged and three of his ribs were broken in the accident.Tesla was bedridden for several months. In early 1938, Tesla was finally able to get up.
The impact of technologies invented or envisioned by Tesla is a recurring theme in several genres of science fiction. For example, in 1931, when Tesla was 75 years old, Time magazine put a picture of Tesla as its cover.[200] The inscription «The whole world is his energy house» is marked for his contributions in the production of electricity in the form of a cover. He received congratulatory letters from about 70 scientists and engineers, including Albert Einstein.
Tesla died at the age of 86 on January 7, 1943 in room 3327 of the New Yorker Hotel. Two days ago, Tesla ignored the door and posted a «do not disturb» sign. His body was later found by maid Alice Monaghan when she entered Tesla’s room. After examining Tesla’s body, Assistant Medical Examiner H. W. Wembly ruled that the cause of death was coronary thrombosis.
A statue of Tesla was also created in Niagara Falls, New York. The statue was first erected in 1963 in front of the Faculty of Electrical Engineers of the University of Belgrade, and in 1976, a replica of this statue was presented to the United States by Yugoslavia.
A statue was erected in honor of Tesla in Baku. President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev and President of Serbia Tomislav Nikolic took part in the opening of the statue.The author of the monument is People’s Artist of Azerbaijan, sculptor Omar Eldarov and architect Sanan Salamzade. The monument is made of bronze. Its height with the pedestal is 3.3 meters.
