Phonological – studies sounds and their classification and types lexical

Topic . Comparative universals student Omonturdiyeva Madina
phonological – studies sounds and their classification and types
lexical – (words and their meaning)
phraseology –
morphological – (structure of a word , category, case, gender)
general – (types of language, classification)
special – (modern eng. – middle eng.)
Linguistic -phenomenon relating to language or linguistics
Linguistic typology - is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural and functional features.
Linguistic universal is a certain phenomenon or regularity, which is common to all languages of the word or to their absolute majority.. Morphological means of expressing plurality: boy-boys
Nominative function. It implies the capacity of language to realize concepts of our mind in the language.
Communicative function which implies that language is used to provide people with means for exchanging information.
Language esthetic function in poetry, advertising. We use language to express our emotions and to add additional positive emphasis.
Identifying function. Language demonstrates people’s identity. Members of social organizations, professions or groups use the same words, terms, as a mark of their identity.
Language has imperative functions. It is used to influence behavior or stimulate action. We may use imperative structures like Open the door; but we may also use could you please do smth.
Informative function. Is often considered to be primary function of the language, words are combined into sentences which carry information.
Interrogative function. When asking people questions and obtaining information.
Phonological typology studies phonological different features, phonological universals and so on. It classifies languages according to the common phonological features.
Phono-morphological means of expressing nouns’ plurality: child-children, house-houses
Language Universals -are bound to theunification of language facts, identifying common/similar features specific to systems of all or separate language groups.
Phonetic features:- all languages have vowels and consonants.
Morphological:i-n most languages, words are structured into morphemes, morphemes function as full and auxiliary elements.
Lexical:-in all languages vocabulary is a system of semantic fields. In all languages, there is polysemy, synonymy, antonymy.