At a full-length formal tea ceremony (
chaji
),
the guests first gather in a waiting room
where they are served a cup of the hot water
that will be used for making tea later on. They
then proceed to an arbor in the garden and
wait to be greeted by the host. This takes the
form of a silent bow at the inner gate. Guests
then proceed to a stone wash basin where
they purify their hands and mouths with water
and enter the tearoom through a low entrance,
designed to remind them that all are equal.
Guests admire the hanging scroll in the
alcove, which is usually the calligraphy of a
Zen Buddhist priest, and take their seats,
kneeling on the
tatami
(rush-covered straw
mat) floor. After the prescribed greetings, the
host adds charcoal to the fire and serves a
simple meal of seasonal foods, just enough to
take away the pangs of hunger. This is
followed by moist sweets.
Guests then return to the arbor and wait
to be called again for the serving of tea. The
tea container, tea scoop, and tea bowl are
wiped in a symbolic purification, the rhythmic
motions of which put the guests into a state of
focused calm. Tea of a thick consistency
(called
“
koi-cha
”) is prepared in silence .The
carefully prepared drink is passed around as
each guest, in turn, takes a sip. The sharing
of a single bowl is symbolic and serves to
increase the sense of unity at the gathering.
After the
koi-cha
is served, the host then adds
more
charcoal
to
the
fire,
serves
dry
Japanese sweets, and prepares tea of a
thinner, frothier consistency known as
“
usu-
cha.
” During this final phase the atmosphere
lightens,
and
guests
engage
in
casual
conversation. However, talk is still focused on
appreciation of utensils and the mood.
It is the main
guest’s duty to act as a
representative of all those present and ask
questions about each of the utensils and
decorations chosen for the gathering and to
work in unison with the host to ensure that the
gathering proceeds perfectly, with nothing to
distract the guests from their inspiration.
There are certain rules to be followed when
receiving tea at a tea ceremony. Known as
tatemae
or
temae
, they all basically involve
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