16 year old male, jumping from bridge, slipped and struck head on railing before hitting the water



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tarix13.03.2017
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#11242





16 year old male, jumping from bridge, slipped and struck head on railing before hitting the water.

  • 16 year old male, jumping from bridge, slipped and struck head on railing before hitting the water.

  • Came up above water, but appears dazed and slow to respond to questions.

  • His mother brings him to the local emergency department.



On your initial assessment, he is amnestic to the events surrounding his injury, oriented to person, place and time, and is complaining that “the back of my head hurts”. The rest of his exam is unremarkable.

  • On your initial assessment, he is amnestic to the events surrounding his injury, oriented to person, place and time, and is complaining that “the back of my head hurts”. The rest of his exam is unremarkable.



Yes

  • Yes

  • No





1. Epidural Hematoma



Have another CT scan in 6 hours

  • Have another CT scan in 6 hours

  • Be discharged to home with his mother

  • Be admitted to the Trauma Service for at least 24 hours

  • Spend the night in the Emergency Department



Yes

  • Yes

  • No



A. When he says he feels fine

    • A. When he says he feels fine
    • B. When his mother thinks he is well enough to play
    • C. After further evaluation demonstrates that he is no longer suffering from post concussive symptoms.


75 year old woman, tripped over dog, striking head on floor. She sustained a brief + loss of consciousness, prior to waking up with her daughter at her side.

  • 75 year old woman, tripped over dog, striking head on floor. She sustained a brief + loss of consciousness, prior to waking up with her daughter at her side.



Daughter transports her to local Emergency Department.

  • Daughter transports her to local Emergency Department.

  • She is awake and alert, and complains of “the worst headache of my life”

  • She is evaluated by the ED staff, who call you once they see her head CT





A. Epidural Hematoma

  • A. Epidural Hematoma

  • B. Subdural Hemorrhage

  • C. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

  • D. SAH & EDH

  • E. SDH & EDH

  • F. No acute injury



Cervical spine fractures

  • Cervical spine fractures

  • Parietal skull fractures

  • C. “the worst headache of my life”

  • D. Venous bleeding



A. Require surgical evacuation

    • A. Require surgical evacuation
    • B. Produce “the worse headache of my life”
    • C. Produce significant “mass effect”
    • D. A & C
    • E. All of the above
    • F. None of the above


Get her a diet and a blanket

  • Get her a diet and a blanket

  • Consult PT and OT

  • Prevent hypoxia and hypovolemia

  • Contact case management and arrange for transfer to skilled nursing facility



Yes

  • Yes

  • No



22 year old man s/p single vehicle MVC vs. tree. EMS finds him unresponsive (GCS 3). He is intubated without drugs, IV access is initiated and he is transported to the ED for evaluation.

  • 22 year old man s/p single vehicle MVC vs. tree. EMS finds him unresponsive (GCS 3). He is intubated without drugs, IV access is initiated and he is transported to the ED for evaluation.

  • Trauma evaluation notes a right forearm deformity, and scattered abrasions.

  • Prior to admission to the Trauma Service, he is taken through the CT scanner:





Epidural Hematoma

  • Epidural Hematoma

  • Subdural Hematoma

  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

  • Shear injury

  • 5.No acute injury



Pressure ulcers, contractures

  • Pressure ulcers, contractures

  • Family arguments, disagreements

  • Hypoxia, hypovolemia

  • Pain, discomfort



He has an ICP monitor placed, with ICP’s ranging 8-10.

  • He has an ICP monitor placed, with ICP’s ranging 8-10.

  • He remains hemodynamically stable, and is cleared to have his forearm repaired by the Orthopaedic service.

  • On Hospital Day #4, he is trached and PEG’d, and weaned from the ventilator by hospital day #5.

  • His ICP monitor is discontinued.



He may never wake up

  • He may never wake up

  • The longer he remains comatose, the less likely it is for him to wake up

  • If he wakes up, he will likely emerge through several phases of the RLA scoring system.

  • It will take up to a year to determine his long term, “new normal”, baseline.

  • All of the above

  • None of the above



No response

  • No response

  • Confusion with agitation

  • Generalized responses

  • Confusion without agitation

  • Appropriate responses



Skilled Nursing Facility

  • Skilled Nursing Facility

  • Inpatient Rehabilitation

  • Home with Family

  • LTAC



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