Stages
Process
Data collection methods
Pre-writing
• Introduce the features and structures of the text
• Build up the vocabulary and sentence patterns
with word-web
• Generate ideas and discuss in pair or groups
• Present the generated ideas to the class
(speaking)
• Diagnostic data collected from
internal and external assessment
• Student interviews conducted
and questionnaires collected to
understand students’ attitude to
English learning and writing
• Classroom observation conducted
to know what goes on in the
speaking/writing lessons
• L o o k i n g a t s t u d e n t w o r k t o
engage teachers in pedagogical
exchanges for the enhancement
of English language learning with
specific reference to develop
students’ writing skills
While-writing
• Focus and organise ideas before attempting
the writing
• Use the vocabulary items and sentence
patterns discussed and contributed in the pre-
writing process (note-taking of the necessary
content in the speaking process should be
encouraged to develop their independent
learning)
Post-writing
• Peer-correcting or self-editing
• Review and correct the individual writing
• Appreciate the good writing components
|