12,000%.
Translate the statement into an equation. Since one of the
percents is a variable, fractions are preferable to decimals:
Because 100 appears twice on the bottom of both sides of the equation,
multiply each side of the equation by 10,000 (or 100 twice) to cancel the
100’s out:
The answer is 12,000%. (The phrase “what percent” translates into math as
. Additionally,
is the same thing as 12,000%, just as
is
equal to 50%. While 12,000% may seem quite large, it is correct.)
Alternatively, use decimals, while still writing “what percent” as a fraction.
Then, use the calculator to solve:
(0.01)(2)(360) =
(0.001)(60)
7.2 =
(0.06)
120 =
12,000 =
x
23.
(D).
Because no actual amounts of money are stated in the question, use
smart numbers to solve this problem. If Mary has half as many cents as Nora
has dollars, then, as an example, if Nora had $10, Mary would have 5 cents.
Nora’s $10 equals 1,000 cents. To determine what
percent more
cents Nora
has, use the percent change formula:
Any example in which “Mary has half as many cents as Nora has dollars” will
yield the same result. Note that the percent change formula is required—a
percent
more
(or percent increase) is not the same as a percent
of
something.
To do the problem algebraically (which is more difficult than using a smart
number, as above), use
M
for Mary’s cents and
N
for Nora’s cents. Divide
N
by 100 in order to convert from cents to dollars,
, and set up an equation
to reflect that Mary has half as many cents as Nora has dollars:
Therefore, Nora has 200 times as many cents. 200 times
as many
is 199 times
more
. To convert 199 times
more
to a percent, add two zeros to get 19,900%.
24.
(E).
Rather than trying to write out the whole statement as math, note that
“the number that is 50% greater than 60” can be calculated: 1.5(60) = 90.
Similarly, “the number that is 20% less than 150” is 0.8(150) = 120. The
question can be rephrased as “90 is what percent less than 120?” Use the
percent change formula. Since the question specifies a “percent
less,
” the
“original” number is 120:
25.
(D).
The percent increase is the difference between the amounts divided
by the original, converted to a percent. If the population doubles,
mathematically the increase can be written as a power of 2. In the 30-day
interval, if the original population is 1, it will double to 2 after three days—so,
2
1
represents the population after the first increase, the second increase would
then be 2
2
, and so on. Since there are ten increases, the final population would
be 2
10
or 1,024. Therefore, the difference, 1,024 – 1, is 1,023. Use the percent
change formula to calculate percent increase:
Note that the new number
is
102,400% of the original, but that was not the
question asked—the percent
increase
is 102,300%.
26.
(D).
Call the original price
x
. That price is discounted by 15% to get 612:
0.85
x
= $612
x
= $720
Do not add 15% of $612 to $612. The 15% figure is a percent of the unknown
original number, not of $612.
27.
(B).
Call the original price
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