a, b
, and
c
is 6 – 2 = 4. The average of
a, b
, and
c
is
=
= 4. The two quantities are equal.
26.
(E).
Find the choices that do not have to be greater than 1. It is possible
that
x
could be negative, which eliminates (A), (B), and (C). For choice (D), if
x
2
= 1, that times the positive fraction
y
would be less than 1. In choice (E),
x
2
must be positive and at least 1, so dividing by the positive fraction
y
increases
the value.
27.
(D)
. If the variables were also constrained to be positive, they would have
to be 1, 2, and 3, making the quantities both equal to 2. However, the
variables could be negative, for example,
a
= –10,
b
= –9,
c
= –8. The range
of
a, b
, and
c
will always be 2 because the integers are consecutive, but the
average can vary depending on the specific values. There is not enough
information to determine the relationship.
28.
(B).
If
is a prime number,
could be 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, etc.
Square these possibilities to get a list of possibilities for
xy:
4, 9, 25, 49, 121,
169, etc. However,
xy
is even, so
xy
must equal 4.
Finally,
x
> 4
y
> 0, which implies that both
x
and
y
are positive. Solve
xy
= 4
for
x
, then substitute to eliminate the variable
x
and solve for
y
:
If
xy
= 4, then
x
=
.
If
x
> 4
y
, then
> 4
y
.
Because
y
is positive, you can multiply both sides of the inequality by
y
and
you don’t have to flip the sign of the inequality: 4 > 4
y
2
.
Finally, divide both sides of the inequality by 4: 1 >
y
2
.
Thus,
y
is a positive fraction less than 1 (it was already given that
y
> 0).
Quantity B is greater.
29.
(B).
If
is a prime number,
x
=
is the square of a prime
number. Squaring a number does not change whether it is odd or even (the
square of an odd number is odd and the square of an even number is even).
Since
x
is even, it must be the square of the only even prime number. Thus,
= 2 and
x
= 4. Since
x
+
y
= 11,
y
= 7 and Quantity B is greater.
30.
(A).
If
fg
is odd and both
f
and
g
are positive integers, both
f
and
g
are
odd. The remainder when odd
f
is divided by 2 is 1. Since
fgh
is even and
f
and
g
are odd, integer
h
must be even. Thus, when
h
is divided by 2, the
remainder is 0. Quantity A is greater.
31.
(D).
If
x
2
> 25, then
x
> 5 OR
x
< –5. For instance,
x
could be 6 or –6.
If
x
= 6:
6 +
y
< 0
y
< –6
x
is greater than
y
.
If
x
= –6:
–6 +
y
< 0
y
< 6
y
could be less than
x
(e.g.,
y
= –7) or greater than
x
(e.g.,
y
= 4). Therefore,
you do not have enough information.
32.
(B).
If the sum of two primes is less than 6, either the numbers are 2 and 3
(the two smallest unique primes), or both numbers are 2 (just because the
variables are different letters doesn’t mean that
p
cannot equal
w
). Both
numbers cannot equal 3, though, or
p
+
w
would be too great. If
p
2
is odd,
p
is
odd, and therefore
p
= 3, so
w
can only be 2.
33.
(A).
If
x
2
>
y
2
,
x
must have a greater absolute value than
y
. For instance:
x
y
Example 1 3
2
Example 2 –3 2
Example 3 3 –2
Example 4 –3 –2
If
x
> –|
y
| must also be true, which of the examples continue to be valid?
Only Example 1 and Example 3 remain.
x y
Example 1 3 2
Example 3 3 –2
Thus, either
x
and
y
are both positive and
x
has a greater absolute value
(Quantity A is greater) or
x
is positive and
y
is negative (Quantity A is
greater). In either case, Quantity A is greater.
34.
(C).
Write an equation:
x
+ (
x
+ 1) + (
x
+ 2) + (
x
+ 3)= –2. Now solve:
4
x
+ 6 = –2
4
x
= –8
x
= –2
Thus, the integers are –2, –1, 0, and 1. The smallest of the four integers equals
–2, so the quantities are equal.
35.
Dostları ilə paylaş: |