Questions 28–33 are based on the following reading passage.
As queen of France, Marie Antoinette suffered what were likely the
harshest criticisms
ever laid against any queen or mistress in France’s long history. There
were two major factors
that combined to propagate this dark new level of acidic criticism—one
was the blooming public
sphere, and the second was the scandalous “Diamond Necklace Affair.”
5 Literacy rose greatly over the course of the 18th century and, not
coincidentally, the annual
output of printed publications tripled by the end of Louis XV’s reign and
expanded exponentially
throughout Louis XVI’s kingship. Royal censorship had also been
greatly reduced by this time,
and a massive “black market” for books and extremely popular
underground publications
flourished during this period. Also, coffeehouse culture and print culture
collided during the
10 mid-to-late 1700s, giving Parisians open forums in which to share the
gossips and criticisms
circulating via the underground pamphlets.
Having endless numbers of pamphlets and an equally infinite number
of readers eager
to snap them up would be no good without a juicy story, however. This,
of course, was exactly
what the people received with the Diamond Necklace Affair. On August
11th, 1784, a social
15 climber named Rohan and a prostitute named Nicole Leguay met in the
gardens of Versailles.
Nicole was a stunning look-alike of Marie Antoinette, and she was
indeed believed to be the
queen by Rohan that night. To get on Marie’s good side—a necessary
evil for anyone with social
ambitions at Versailles—Rohan was led to believe that if he procured a
fabulously bejeweled
necklace on her behalf, it would be a great favor.
20 The scam was revealed when jewelers Boehmer and Bossange
inquired directly to Marie
Antoinette over payment for the grandiose diamond necklace. They
presented her with an
invoice that she had apparently signed (though it was actually a clever
forgery). The queen was
furious and had Rohan arrested and marched off to the Bastille. Yet, in
addition to the countless
aristocrats who sued to the king on Rohan’s behalf, at one point over
10,000 people came to
25 the doors of the Bastille demanding Rohan’s release. He was eventually
acquitted, much to the
queen’s dismay.
The consequences of this affair were severe for Marie Antoinette.
The mere fact that a
common street prostitute—one who engages in underhanded, nocturnal
dealings to obtain
absurdly expensive jewelry—could be so easily mistaken by a nobleman
for the queen of
30 France was incredibly damaging to the queen’s already blackened
reputation. Furthermore,
as this hatred of the queen began to boil over, it became inevitable that it
would spill onto
the monarchy itself. Though Marie would always be the ultimate
villainess, she could never be
completely untangled from Louis and, thus, from the monarchy itself.
She was not a mistress
who could be surreptitiously cut away or a political advisor who could
be dismissed. She was a
35 queen, and this fact had inescapable consequences.
28. The second paragraph of the passage serves to
(A)
elucidate further the mechanisms by which disdain for a public
figure grew
(B)
contrast two factors that spurred criticism of the queen
(C)
explain the endemic corruption of the French court
(D)
discuss the results of a famous scandal
(E)
detail reasons for Marie Antoinette’s unpopularity as well as the
consequences
29. The passage implies that a significant proportion of the French aristocracy
(A)
was jealous of the queen’s riches
(B)
read coffee house pamphlets
(C)
proved more loyal to Rohan than to the queen
(D)
were less literate than the general populace
(E)
became leaders of the Revolution
30. According to the passage, readership of books and pamphlets increased in
the late 18th century because
(A)
the education of women nearly doubled the number of readers
(B)
the literacy rate tripled during the reign of Louis XV
(C)
there were more exciting scandals to write about than there had
been in previous times
(D)
government censorship had relaxed
(E)
the number of coffee houses increased
Consider each of the answer choices separately and indicate all that apply.
31. According to the passage, Rohan
committed forgery
had social ambitions
had support from the populace
Consider each of the answer choices separately and indicate all that apply.
32. The author suggests that Marie Antoinette
caused problems for the monarchy
never met Rohan
had unlimited legal power
33. The author’s tone could best be described as
(A)
arrogant and supercilious
(B)
prim and meretricious
(C)
thoughtful and disinterested
(D)
sober but lascivious
(E)
analytical but enthusiastic
Dostları ilə paylaş: |