Party appear as a defence association were as follows:
On purely practical grounds it is impossible to build up a national
defence organization by means of private associations, unless the
State makes an enormous contribution to it. Whoever thinks
otherwise overestimates his own powers. Now it is entirely out of
the question to form organizations of any military value for a
definite purpose on the principle of socalled 'voluntary
discipline'. Here the chief support for enforcing orders, namely,
the power of inflicting punishment, is lacking. In the autumn, or
rather in the spring, of 1919 it was still possible to raise
'volunteer corps', not only because most of the men who came
forward at that time had been through the school of the old
Army, but also because the kind of duty imposed there
constrained the individual to absolute obedience at least for a
definite period of time.
That spirit is entirely lacking in the volunteer defence
organizations of today. The more the defence association grows,
the weaker its discipline becomes and so much the less can one
demand from the individual members. Thus the whole
organization will more and more assume the character of the old
nonpolitical associations of war comrades and veterans.
It is impossible to carry through a voluntary training in military
service for larger masses unless one is assured absolute power of
command. There will always be few men who will voluntarily
and spontaneously submit to that kind of obedience which is
considered natural and necessary in the Army.
Moreover, a proper system of military training cannot be
developed where there are such ridiculously scanty means as
those at the disposal of the defence associations. The principal
task of such an institution must be to impart the best and most
reliable kind of instruction. Eight years have passed since the end
of the War, and during that time none of our German youth, at an
age when formerly they would have had to do military service,
have received any systematic training at all. The aim of a defence
association cannot be to enlist here and now all those who have
already received a military training; for in that case it could be
reckoned with mathematical accuracy when the last member
would leave the association. Even the younger soldier from 1918
will no longer be fit for frontline service twenty years later, and
we are approaching that state of things with a rapidity that gives
cause for anxiety. Thus the defence associations must assume
more and more the aspect of the old exservice men's societies.
But that cannot be the meaning and purpose of an institution
which calls itself, not an association of exservice men but a
defence association, indicating by this title that it considers its
task to be, not only to preserve the tradition of the old soldiers
and hold them together but also to propagate the idea of national
defence and be able to carry this idea into practical effect, which
means the creation of a body of men who are fit and trained for
military defence.
But this implies that those elements will receive a military
training which up to now have received none. This is something
that in practice is impossible for the defence associations. Real
soldiers cannot be made by a training of one or two hours per
week. In view of the enormously increasing demands which
modern warfare imposes on each individual soldier today, a
military service of two years is barely sufficient to transform a
raw recruit into a trained soldier. At the Front during the War we
all saw the fearful consequences which our young recruits had to
suffer from their lack of a thorough military training. Volunteer
formations which had been drilled for fifteen or twenty weeks
under an iron discipline and shown unlimited selfdenial proved
nevertheless to be no better than cannon fodder at the Front. Only
when distributed among the ranks of the old and experienced
soldiers could the young recruits, who had been trained for four
or six months, become useful members of a regiment. Guided by
the 'old men', they adapted themselves gradually to their task.
In the light of all this, how hopeless must the attempt be to create
a body of fighting troops by a socalled training of one or two
hours in the week, without any definite power of command and
without any considerable means. In that way perhaps one could
refresh military training in old soldiers, but raw recruits cannot
thus be transformed into expert soldiers.
How such a proceeding produces utterly worthless results may
also be demonstrated by the fact that at the same time as these
socalled volunteer defence associations, with great effort and
outcry and under difficulties and lack of necessities, try to
educate and train a few thousand men of goodwill (the others
need not be taken into account) for purposes of national defence,
the State teaches our young men democratic and pacifist ideas
and thus deprives millions and millions of their national instincts,
poisons their logical sense of patriotism and gradually turns them
into a herd of sheep who will patiently follow any arbitrary
command. Thus they render ridiculous all those attempts made
by the defence associations to inculcate their ideas in the minds
of the German youth.
Almost more important is the following consideration, which has
always made me take up a stand against all attempts at a so
called military training on the basis of the volunteer associations.
Assuming that, in spite of all the difficulties just mentioned, a
defence association were successful in training a certain number
of Germans every year to be efficient soldiers, not only as
regards their mental outlook but also as regards bodily efficiency
and the expert handling of arms, the result must necessarily be
null and void in a State whose whole tendency makes it not only
look upon such a defensive formation as undesirable but even
positively hate it, because such an association would completely
contradict the intimate aims of the political leaders, who are the
corrupters of this State.
But anyhow, such a result would be worthless under
governments which have demonstrated by their own acts that
they do not lay the slightest importance on the military power of
the nation and are not disposed to permit an appeal to that power
only in case that it were necessary for the protection of their own
malignant existence.
And that is the state of affairs today. It is not ridiculous to think
of training some ten thousand men in the use of arms, and carry
on that training surreptitiously, when a few years previously the
State, having shamefully sacrificed eightandahalf million
highly trained soldiers, not merely did not require their services
any more, but, as a mark of gratitude for their sacrifices, held
them up to public contumely. Shall we train soldiers for a regime
which besmirched and spat upon our most glorious soldiers, tore
the medals and badges from their breasts, trampled on their flags
and derided their achievements? Has the present regime taken
one step towards restoring the honour of the old army and
bringing those who destroyed and outraged it to answer for their
deeds? Not in the least. On the contrary, the people I have just
referred to may be seen enthroned in the highest positions under
the State today. And yet it was said at Leipzig: "Right goes with
might." Since, however, in our Republic today might is in the
hands of the very men who arranged for the Revolution, and
since that Revolution represents a most despicable act of high
treason against the nation – yea, the vilest act in German history
– there can surely be no grounds for saying that might of this
character should be enhanced by the formation of a new young
army. It is against all sound reason.
The importance which this State attached, after the Revolution of
1918, to the reinforcement of its position from the military point
of view is clearly and unmistakably demonstrated by its attitude
towards the large selfdefence organizations which existed in that
period. They were not unwelcome as long as they were of use for
the personal protection of the miserable creatures cast up by the
Revolution.
But the danger to these creatures seemed to disappear as the
debasement of our people gradually increased. As the existence
of the defence associations no longer implied a reinforcement of
the national policy they became superfluous. Hence every effort
was made to disarm them and suppress them wherever that was
possible.
History records only a few examples of gratitude on the part of
princes. But there is not one patriot among the new bourgeoisie
who can count on the gratitude of revolutionary incendiaries and
assassins, persons who have enriched themselves from the public
spoil and betrayed the nation. In examining the problem as to the
wisdom of forming these defence associations I have never
ceased to ask: 'For whom shall I train these young men? For what
purpose will they be employed when they will have to be called
out?' The answer to these questions lays down at the same time
the best rule for us to follow.
If the present State should one day have to call upon trained
troops of this kind it would never be for the purpose of defending
the interests of the nation visàvis those of the stranger but
rather to protect the oppressors of the nation inside the country
against the danger of a general outbreak of wrath on the part of a
nation which has been deceived and betrayed and whose interests
have been bartered away.
For this reason it was decided that the Storm Detachment of the
German National Socialist Labour Party ought not to be in the
nature of a military organization. It had to be an instrument of
protection and education for the National Socialist Movement
and its duties should be in quite a different sphere from that of
the military defence association.
And, of course, the Storm Detachment should not be in the
nature of a secret organization. Secret organizations are
established only for purposes that are against the law. Therewith
the purpose of such an organization is limited by its very nature.
Considering the loquacious propensities of the German people, it
is not possible to build up any vast organization, keeping it secret
at the same time and cloaking its purpose. Every attempt of that
kind is destined to turn out absolutely futile. It is not merely that
our police officials today have at their disposal a staff of
eavesdroppers and other such rabble who are ready to play
traitor, like Judas, for thirty pieces of silver and will betray
whatever secrets they can discover and will invent what they
would like to reveal. In order to forestall such eventualities, it is
never possible to bind one's own followers to the silence that is
necessary. Only small groups can become really secret societies,
and that only after long years of filtration. But the very smallness
of such groups would deprive them of all value for the National
Socialist Movement. What we needed then and need now is not
one or two hundred daredevil conspirators but a hundred
thousand devoted champions of our philosophy of life. The work
must not be done through secret conventicles but through
formidable mass demonstrations in public. Dagger and pistol and
poisonvial cannot clear the way for the progress of the
movement. That can be done only by winning over the man in
the street. We must overthrow Marxism, so that for the future
National Socialism will be master of the street, just as it will one
day become master of the State.
There is another danger connected with secret societies. It lies in
the fact that their members often completely misunderstand the
greatness of the task in hand and are apt to believe that a
favourable destiny can be assured for the nation all at once by
means of a single murder. Such a belief may find historical
justification by appealing to cases where a nation had been
suffering under the tyranny of some oppressor who at the same
time was a man of genius and whose extraordinary personality
guaranteed the internal solidity of his position and enabled him to
maintain his fearful oppression. In such cases a man may
suddenly arise from the ranks of the people who is ready to
sacrifice himself and plunge the deadly steel into the heart of the
hated individual. In order to look upon such a deed as abhorrent
one must have the republican mentality of that petty canaille who
are conscious of their own crime. But the greatest champion of
liberty that the German people have ever had has glorified such a
deed in William Tell.
During 1919 and 1920 there was danger that the members of
secret organizations, under the influence of great historical
examples and overcome by the immensity of the nation's
misfortunes, might attempt to wreak vengeance on the destroyers
of their country, under the belief that this would end the miseries
of the people. All such attempts were sheer folly, for the reason
that the Marxist triumph was not due to the superior genius of
one remarkable person but rather to immeasurable incompetence
and cowardly shirking on the part of the bourgeoisie. The hardest
criticism that can be uttered against our bourgeoisie is simply to
state the fact that it submitted to the Revolution, even though the
Revolution did not produce one single man of eminent worth.
One can always understand how it was possible to capitulate
before a Robespierre, a Danton, or a Marat; but it was utterly
scandalous to go down on all fours before the withered
Scheidemann, the obese Herr Erzberger, Frederick Ebert, and the
innumerable other political pigmies of the Revolution. There was
not a single man of parts in whom one could see the
revolutionary man of genius. Therein lay the country's
misfortune; for they were only revolutionary bugs, Spartacists
wholesale and retail. To suppress one of them would be an act of
no consequence. The only result would be that another pair of
bloodsuckers, equally fat and thirsty, would be ready to take his
place.
During those years we had to take up a determined stand against
an idea which owed its origin and foundation to historical
episodes that were really great, but to which our own despicable
epoch did not bear the slightest similarity.
The same reply may be given when there is question of putting
somebody 'on the spot' who has acted as a traitor to his country.
It would be ridiculous and illogical to shoot a poor wretch who
had betrayed the position of a howitzer to the enemy while the
highest positions of the government are occupied by a rabble
who bartered away a whole empire, who have on their
consciences the deaths of two million men who were sacrificed
in vain, fellows who were responsible for the millions maimed in
the war and who make a thriving business out of the republican
regime without allowing their souls to be disturbed in any way. It
would be absurd to do away with small traitors in a State whose
government has absolved the great traitors from all punishment.
For it might easily happen that one day an honest idealist, who,
out of love for his country, had removed from circulation some
miserable informer that had given information about secret stores
of arms might now be called to answer for his act before the chief
traitors of the country. And there is still an important question:
Shall some small traitorous creature be suppressed by another
small traitor, or by an idealist? In the former case the result
would be doubtful and the deed would almost surely be revealed
later on. In the second case a petty rascal is put out of the way
and the life of an idealist who may be irreplaceable is in
jeopardy.
For myself, I believe that small thieves should not be hanged
while big thieves are allowed to go free. One day a national
tribunal will have to judge and sentence some tens of thousands
of organizers who were responsible for the criminal November
betrayal and all the consequences that followed on it. Such an
example will teach the necessary lesson, once and for ever, to
those paltry traitors who revealed to the enemy the places where
arms were hidden.
On the grounds of these considerations I steadfastly forbade all
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