What Is Current Knowledge
r
H. pylori is a common worldwide infection.
r
Established indications for H. pylori cure include pep-
tic ulcer, gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
(MALT), and uninvestigated dyspepsia.
r
Nonendoscopic and endoscopic tests are available to
identify H. pylori.
r
Proton pump inhibitor (PPI), clarithromycin, and
amoxicillin or metronidazole or a PPI, bismuth, tetra-
cycline, and metronidazole for 10–14 days are accepted
first line treatments for H. pylori.
What Is New Here
r
A subset of patients with functional dyspepsia derives
benefit from H. pylori eradication.
r
Emerging evidence suggests an association between
H. pylori and unexplained iron deficiency anemia.
r
In populations with a low pretest probability of H. py-
lori infection, nonendoscopic tests such as the urea
breath test and fecal antigen test offer superior posi-
tive predictive value compared with antibody tests.
r
Eradication rates with a PPI, clarithromycin, and amox-
icillin are decreasing worldwide. Fourteen-day courses
of therapy are more effective than seven-days treatment
regimens.
r
Newer treatments such as sequential therapy require
validation in the United States before they can be rec-
ommended as a standard first-line therapy.
r
A PPI, levofloxacin, and amoxicillin for 10 days appear
to be more effective and better tolerated than a PPI, bis-
muth, tetracycline, and metronidazole in patients with
persistent H. pylori infection but require validation in
North America.
Reprint requests and correspondence: William D. Chey, F.A.C.G.,
A.G.A.F., F.A.C.P., Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Di-
rector – GI Physiology Laboratory, University of Michigan Medical
Center, 3912 Taubman Center, -0362 Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
Received November 3, 2006; accepted January 11, 2007.
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CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Guarantor of the article: William D. Chey
Specific author contributions: William D. Chey, manuscript
preparation; Benjamin C.Y. Wong, manuscript preparation;
Practice Parameters Committee, manuscript review.
Financial support:. None.
Potential competing interests: None.
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