European Scientific Journal May 2014 edition vol.10, No.15 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431
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between experience years and exposure to cadmium (p value 0.990). Taken
together, the exposure to cadmium comes from other resources in addition to
jewelry processing. Generally around 10% of cadmium exposure from the
surrounded air in non smoking persons (Vahter et al., 1991) and
from water
(Olsson et al., 2002). In smoker persons , the cigarette smoking is the major
source of exposure to cadmium and lead to elevate in the plasma cadmium
level and this depend on the type of cigarette and it varies according to the
type of tobacco (Järup et al., 1998).
The study results did not show a significant variation between
exposure to copper between study and control groups (p value 0.409). The
results also showed significant association between
copper with each of age
and experience years (p value 0.000 for each). Anyhow, the mean
concentration of copper in the present study is 23.45 ug/l is less than the
reported mean for copper 39 μg/g (Van et al., 2008). Copper exposure cannot
be considered according to our data to due to occupational environment.
The results did not show a significant
variation between jewelry
technicians and control group (p value 0.071). The results also showed that
there was a significant association between the exposure to nickel with age
and experience (p value 0.000 for each). These findings do
not reflect the
facts associated with the multi involvement of nickel in industrial use. Nickel
is one of the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis (Burrows
and Adams et al., 1990). The condition has been seen in various occupations
including hairdressers, nickel platters, and jewelers. Once a worker is
sensitized to nickel, the sensitivity persists after the exposure is removed.
Inhalation is thought to be the major route of exposure to nickel and nickel
compounds (Proctor et al., 1991). Inhalation
exposures have been linked
with cancer of the lung and of the nasal sinuses in workers employed in
nickel refineries and smelters (Mastromatteo, 1994).
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