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Conclusion 
Motivation, in general, is defined as the driving force in any situation that leads to 
action. In the field of language learning, a distinction is sometimes made between an 
orientation (a class of reasons for learning a language) and motivation (a 
combination of the learner's attitude, desires and willingness to expend effort in order 
to learn the second or foreign language). There are many kinds of motivation, and the 
most widely cited distinction of motivation is between intrinsic motivation (about the 
enjoyment of language learning itself) and extrinsic motivation (driven by external 
factors such as academic requirements or other sources of rewards and punishments). 
As an ideal for self-determined behavior, it is claimed that intrinsic motivation is 
more powerful than extrinsic motivation for the success of learning. 
Considering the critical role of motivation in the success of learning a second 
or foreign language, it is critically important that a language teacher make attempts 
to keep the learners motivated for learning. There are three areas – goalsand goal 
setting, learning environment, and exciting classes – in which the language teachers 
can directly influence the students‟ motivation. Providing positive feedback and 
enhancing autonomous learning are also crucial to arouse and maintain the learners‟ 
motivation. The language teachers need to be careful when giving feedback to their 

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Lalu Thohir 
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students, in which they need to give constructive feedback and deliver itin a positive 
emotional tone. Moreover, to enhance learner autonomy, the language teachers can 
organize collaborative learning,promote a life-long reading habit and encourage self-
assessment.
Also, to promote the learners' intrinsic motivation, it is encouraged that, 
whenever and wherever possible, language teachers to emphasize two forms of 
positive extrinsic motivation – identification and integration and to use sparingly if at 
all, two forms of negative extrinsic motivation – external regulation and introjection.