English spread as the language of American economic superiority and political leadership.
Second half of the 20th
English spread as a consequence of American technological domination.
a) British Colonialism We all know that long before this expansion of English as a global language, there were other minor spreads of the language, as for instance the spread of English to Scotland because of the military escapades of William the Conqueror (11th century) or to Ireland with the Anglo-Norman troops sent by the king Henry II.
But in global terms, the spread of English began in 16th century, when the language became a tool of imperial expansion, and end up by gaining a special place in the history of a significant number of countries. This was what happened in USA, but also in other colonial areas. You have here a table in which you can find how English spread took place in different territories conquered by the English.
Place
Facts
Canada
French were present in Canada from 1530, and vied with Britain for domination. Finally, French defeated by Britain. French and English languages there, but French-speakers remained in the East when process of English colonization began. English in contact with native languages, but the former predominated. However, the French of Quebec remained.
The Caribbean
The most spoken language is Spanish, but there are also other European languages (complex colonial history). African slaves in this area, they developed creoles as a means of communicating among themselves. It gained societal status. However, no
creole has gained enough status to be accepted as a national language. Nowadays, English and Spanish are the official languages.