Classification of seasonal dynamics of soil moisture according to satellite data Sentinel-2, Jizzakh region, Uzbekistan

2.3 Methods 
The main discovery is the structure of crop fields, which had a special irrigation regime, 
different from other types of soil cover. 
We analysed the data of the Sentinel-2A apparatus, MSI scanner (multichannel, 13 
channels: visible - shortwave infrared range, λ=0.4÷2.3 nm, spatial resolution 10.20 m), 
obtained from the website of the European Space Agency [7]. 
The water index MNDWI is calculated using the formula: 
=
(
−
)
(
+
)
(1)
4
E3S Web of Conferences 
386
, 01005 (2023)
GISCA 2022 and GI 2022
https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338601005

---

where
: 
GR
- 
spectral
brightness
in the wavelength range 510-600 nm (green range).
SWIR - spectral brightness in 1500-1600 nm (shortwave infrared range). 
MNDWI is used to monitor changes in water content in water bodies. Since water 
bodies strongly absorb light in the visible and infrared electromagnetic spectrum, MNDWI 
uses green and NIR to identify water bodies [6]. 
In the scientific work, rural fields were selected for the study. Satellite imagery from 
Sentinel-2 was utilized over the period from April to July 2018. 
2.4 Location of key sites 
Following the classification applying the MNDWI, Normalized difference vegetation index 
(NDVI) indices, 4 main types of the surface were distinguished in the study area (Figure 3): 
natural grass cover (67.6 %), agricultural land (23.1 %), land plots (3.9 %) and water 
surface (5.4 %). 
Fig. 3.
Map of surface types [8]. Field research sites are marked at points a, b, c, d: a) the 
photograph is shown in Figure 4; b) the photograph is shown in Figure 5; c) the photograph is 
shown in Figure 6; d) the photograph is shown in Figure 7
The key site (a) corresponds to a natural grassy surface; the key site (b) corresponds to a 
natural grassy surface; the key site (c) is located on a natural grassy surface; the key site (d) 
is located on an agricultural field.