6
3.4 Autonmomy of the participants
75
3.5 Giving up anonimity
77
3.6 Investigating nrw horizons: the analysis
78
3.7 Poetry as findings
81
3.8 A narrative journey: methodology
84
3.9
Conclusion
95
CHAPTER FOUR:THE FIRST ANALYSIS: THE PILOT STUDY
97
4.1 Introduction
97
4.2 The analysis
98
4.3 Defining the
categories
102
4.3.1.Uncontained-unfree
102
4.3.2. Overcontained-overfree
105
4.3.3.Fighting containment-freedom
108
4.3.4. Desire for containment-freedom
111
4.3.5. Towards containment freedom
113
4.3.6 Containment-freedom
116
4.4 The participants‟ responses to the pilot study
117
4.5 Conclusion
120
CHAPTER FIVE: THE THEORETICAL CONSTRUCT
121
5.1 Introduction
121
5.2 The analysis
123
5.3 Containment, freedom and polarity
127
5.4 Polarity
129
5.5 Containment-freedom polarity
131
5.5.1 Containment
131
5.5.2 Freedom
132
5.5.3 Uncontained-unfree
133
5.5.4 Overcontained-overfree
135
5.5.5 Fighting containment-freedom
138
5.5.6 Desire for containment-freedom
141
5.5.7 Towards containment-freedom
142
5.6 The structure
145
5.7 Conclusion
146
CHAPTER SIX: ANALYSIS OF MAIN STUDY
148
7
6.1 Introduction
148
6.2 A difficult beginning
148
6.3 Interpreting the journals 149
6.3.1 Images
152
6.3.2.Questions
154
6.3.3.Exhortations to self
156
6.3.4 Action + reflection 158
6.3.5.Adjectives
160
6.4 From sets of expression to categories
162
6.5 The categories
163
6.5.1 Uncontained-unfree
164
6.5.2 Overcontained-overfree
168
6.5.3 Fighting containment-freedom
171
6.5.4 Desire for containment-freedom
174
6.5.5 Towards containment-freedom
176
6.6 Conclusion
178
CHAPTER SEVEN:EMBODIED FINDINGS
180
7.1 Introduction
180
7.2 The process that led to the findings poems 180
7.3 Findings Poems
183
7.3.1.Wriggling Fish
183
7.3.2 Who Am I? 190
7.3.3. Alice
197
7.3.4.Little Girl
204
7.3.5. Turned On
211
7.4 Conclusion 217
CHAPTER EIGHT: CREATIVE FINDINGS
219
8.1 Introduction
219
8.2 The transferences
219
8.3 Making links between the past and the present
222
8.4 The unconscious
225
8.5 Splitting
228
8.6 Object relations
230
8
8.7 A psychology of the self
231
8.8
Empathy
233
8.9 The relationship between poetry and counselling
236
8.9.1 Poetry and the unconscious
238
8.9.2 Loss and death in poetry
242
8.9.3 Poetry and opposition
246
8.10 Conclusion
250
CHAPTER NINE: CONCLUSIONS
251
9.1 Introduction
251
9.2 Differences between the two studies
251
9.3 Possible changes to the study
254
9.4 A new poetic method
256
9.5
Theory concepts and process
257
9.6 Findings poems
264
9.7 Key contributions to practice, methodology and knowledge
266
9.8 Recommendations for future research 269
9.9 Conclusion 271
REFERENCES
273
TABLES
Table i. To show words relating to being stuck; not moving; not existing. 103
Table ii. To show words that suggest anxiety and confusion. 106
Table iii. To show words that suggest battling or friction. 108
Table iv. To show words that suggest feeling safe, cared for or loved.
111
Table v. To show words that suggest feeling unsafe, uncared for and unloved.
112
Table vi. To show words suggestive of emotional movement.
114
Table vii. To show movement and the possibility of holding more than one perspective. 116
APPENDICIES 291
APPENDIX 1. Letter formats to counselling training institutions
APPENDIX 2. Advertising the research
APPENDIX 3. Ethics Approval
9
APPENDIX 4 Pilot study. Presentation for initial meeting, workshop-journal keeping
APPENDIX 5. The researcher and participant contract/consent
APPENDIX 6.
Journal information
APPENDIX 7. Pilot study. Disclosing the theme of the study
APPENDIX 8. Continuums designed participants
APPENDIX 9. Pilot and main study. Information for participants
APPENDIX 10. Introduction to theoretical constructs and brief key
APPENDIX 11. Presentations before main study
APPENDIX 12. Incidence of categories in main study journals
APPENDIX 13. Example of a pilot and main study journal and analysis
APPENDIX 14. Questions for participants on the analysis and emails
APPENDIX 15. Page numbers of extracts
within the text
DIAGRAMS
The Containment-Freedom Continuum 1
122
The Construct
126
The Containment-Freedom Continuum 2
259
ABBREVIATIONS: PSEUDONYMS OF PARTICIPANTS
WG - Wriggling Fish
LG - Little Girl
WAI - Who Am I
A - Alice
TO - Turned On
(W - Week)