Department of commercialization of scientific and innovative developments management and control

The first period is the ancient period
The long period of development of management, from 9-7 thousand BC to approximately the 17th century, before the separation of management into an independent field of science, mankind has been gaining management experience for thousands of years.
The first order and the simplest forms of government appeared at the stage of the primitive community. At that time, management was joint, and all members of the tribe participated in management. We can consider the elders of the tribe as the first manifestations of management.
About 9-7 thousand years ago in the Near East, agriculture changed from farming (hunting, harvesting, etc.) to the form of obtaining new crops (that is, production). The transition to a production economy signaled the emergence of management.
In ancient Egypt, the experience of managing the state economy was gained. At that time, a sufficient state administration apparatus and ranks of servants were formed.
It was Socrates who defined management as the first type of activity. (470-399 BC). He analyzed different forms of management. Based on them, he announced the universal principle of management.
Plato (428-348 BC) determined the classification of state administration and clearly defined the functions of governing bodies.
Alexander the Great (356-323 BC) developed the theory and practice of army management.
II period - industrial period (1776-1890)
A. Smith's contribution to the development of the concept of public administration is great. He is not only a representative of classical political economy, but also an expert in the field of management. He analyzed various forms of division of labor, defined the obligations of the state and the state administrator.
R. Owen's teaching has found great importance in the formation of school and scientific directions of management. His humanitarian ideas, management of production, improvement of the working conditions and life of employees, and the necessity of training remain relevant topics even today.
The creation and use of the computing machine led to the first revolution in the theory and practice of mathematics. In 1833, the English mathematician Ch. Babbage designed the Analyzing Machine. This is the first appearance of the current modern digital computing technique, which leads to the rapid solution of management issues at that time.
III period — systematization period (1856-1960)
Management science is in constant motion. New directions, schools, currents are being formed, the scientific apparatus is changing and perfecting, besides, researchers and their views have changed. Over time, managers focused on the study of management forces of consumption goals. Some try to solve management problems with the methods of the past, while others use modern management methods. Their individual successes and failures can be instructive lessons for modern managers.