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iron, copper, silver, gold and lead in the territory of Manna.
The population of plains and foothills of Manna was engaged
in agriculture. The farmers ploughed
the land with an iron hoe
and wooden plow. They mowed grain with an iron sickle. The
Assyrian cuneiform writings show that there were granaries in
Manna. Horticulture and viticulture were also developed. They
made wine from grapes too. Cattle-breeding had an important
place in the life of Manna people. Horse-breeding
was widely
spread. The Subia province of Manna differed with its horses.
The population of Manna led a sedentary life.
The Assyrian ruler
Tiglatpalasar III fought with Urartu to
increase his influence in Manna in the
second half of the VIII
century BC. Tiglatpalasar III conquered Mazamua-the region
of Manna and amalgamated it with Assyria,
moved a number
of tribes from the Basin of Urmiya Lake to another area, but
didn’t touch other provinces of Manna. He waged wars mainly
with Urartu and Midiya–neighbors of Manna. During this
period, Manna regarded Assyria as its ally (The provinses of
Manna: Zamua, Gizilbunda, Alatee, Wishdish, Zikertu, Andia,
Mazamua, Surikash)
Iranzu (the years of 740-719 BC), the ruler of Manna,
took an opportunity of the successful war of Assyria against Urartu
and pursued a policy of centralization. He returned back the lands
of Manna, occupied by Urartu, made provinces of Manna obey the
central authority and created the system of successorship in the
country. The successors were dependent on the central authority.
The territory of Manna reached river Araz in the
north and
bordered with the country of Cassis, Parsua and Midia in the south
and south-east. During the reign of Iranzu,
Manna became a
powerful state around the Basin of Lake Urmiya.
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