Fergana polytechnic insitute mechanical engineering faculty department of mechanical engineering and automation

Hardness. 
The hardness of steel depends on its carbon content. High hardness 
provides steel with high corrosion resistance. 
Durability. 
Tool steels should have high bending strength. 

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Viscosity. 
Tool steels must also have a certain degree of viscosity. This can be 
achieved by reducing the carbon content of the steel and increasing the tempering 
temperature. 
Technological properties. 
Tool steel should have high machinability, ductility, 
toughness, resistance to overheating and cracking. 
Steels for cutting tools.
Depending on the intensity of the cutting process, tools are made of heat-
resistant and (or) heat-resistant steel. 
Heat-resistant steels such as U7, U8, U8A, U9A, U10, U12 are made of tools 
that heat up to a temperature not exceeding 150 
0 C during cutting.
Non-heat-resistant alloy steels (XVG, XVSG, X6VF, R9, R6M3, etc.) are used 
to make tools that are required to have a large depth of penetration and high wear 
resistance. 
Thermal treatment of tool steel consists of tempering and low-temperature 
tempering. 
High-speed steels (R9, R18, R6M3, R14K5F2, etc.) have the highest heat 
resistance properties. These steels do not lose their hardness and cutting ability up to 
500...600 
0 
C. 
The most important requirements for stamping steels are requirements for high 
hardness, corrosion resistance, strength, resistance to plastic deformation and impact 
resistance. 
For cold deformation stamps, steels such as U10, U12, XVSG, X12M, 5XV2S, 
R12 are included. 
In addition to the general requirements for steels used for hot deformation 
stamps, there are also requirements for resistance to cracking during repeated heating 
and cooling (toughness), high fire resistance, good thermal conductivity, high 
toughness and depth of hardening. cried Hot stamping steels include steels such as 
5XNV, 5XNM, 5XGM, 7X3, 4X5V2FS, X12M, 6XS. 

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Cold stamping steels are often tempered at 870...900 
0 
C and released at 
200...250 
0 
C, in some cases (when high viscosity is required) - released at 430...470 
0 
C 
. 
Hot stamping steels are tempered at 760...820 
0 
C and released at 460...540 
0 
C 
(in some cases 600
0 
C). 
Steels used for blowing tools . 
These steels are required to have high hardness and corrosion resistance, not to 
change their dimensions during long-term operation. X, XG, 50, 55 and other steels are 
used for measuring instruments. 
High carbon steels are hardened and tempered at low temperatures for a long 
time. Low-carbon steels (15, 20) are released at a much lower temperature after 
cementitization. In some cases, the tools can be made of nitrates (38XMYuA) and 
nitrogenized to high hardness.