19 th century J. H. Pestalozzi – the aim (objective) of education is to develop
strengths and talents harmonically (development of natural
prerequisites; development of head, heart and hand);
J. F. Herbart – virtue is the objective of education – accent on
moral aspects;
A. Diesterweg – independence and own activity of people is
the objective of education (motivate people to learn and
educate themselves);
G. A. Lindner - the objective of education is virtue and moral
character;
19 th -20 th century L. N. Tolstoy – the objective of education is a free man;
J. Dewey – the objective of education is growth and
development of humans (in intellectual and moral areas),
forming a free and strong character;
20 th century A. S. Makarenko – one’s character is the objective of
education;
Contemporary era The objective is to achieve harmony of the physical and
intellectual aspects of personality, to fulfil the objectives of all
components of education.
7.3 Components of Education Education is classified into partial domains. They focus on the development of
the basic components of the personality, as well as culture, which helps
cultivate personality. The domains thus meet the requirement for universal
development of personality – biological, psychological and social. Experts
mostly classify intellectual, ethical (moral), work and physical components of
education. The components supplement and influence each other with regard
to complex reality.
The general objective of upbringing a universally developed personality is
fulfilled through goals and content of individual components of education.
