G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

Which of you speaks French?
Qaysingiz fransuzcha gapirasiz?
Which do you prefer to learn:
French or English?
Qaysini o‘rganishni afzal ko‘rasiz:
fransuzchanimi yoki inglizchani?
NISBIY OLMOSHLAR (RELATIVE PRONOUNS)
1. Nisbiy olmoshlar ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘lash uchun
xizmat qiladi. Ular bog‘lovchi so‘zlardir. Lekin ular bog‘lovchi so‘zlarga
o‘xshab faqatgina ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘lab qolmasdan,
ergash gapda gap bo‘lagi ham bo‘lib keladi.
2. Ega, kesim va to‘ldiruvchi ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘ lash
uchun who (whom), whose, what, which nisbiy olmoshlari ishlatiladi. Bu
olmoshlar so‘roq olmoshlariga o‘xshaydi, lekin ular so‘roq gap yasamasdan,
ergash gaplarni bosh gaplarga bog‘lash uchun xizmat qiladi:
Who has done it is unknown.
Buni kim qilganligi noma’lum.
I do not know which of them
speaks French.
Men ularning qaysi biri fransuz cha
gapirishini bilmayman.
That is not what I want.
Bu men istagan narsa emas.
3. Aniqlovchi ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘lash uchun who, 
(whom), whose, which va that nisbiy olmoshlari ishlatiladi:
The man who is sitting next to Mr.
A. is my English teacher.
Janob A.ning yonida o‘tirgan kishi
mening ingliz tili o‘qituvchim.
The watch that I lost was a very
good one.
Men yo‘qotgan soat juda yaxshi
soat edi.
www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi

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168
4. Who odamlarga nisbatan ishlatiladi va ergash gapda ega vazifasida

keladi:
The man who was here is
a bookkeeper.
Shu yerda bo‘lgan odam hisobchi.
Whom ham odamlarga nisbatan ishlatiladi va ergash gapda vositasiz
to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:
There is the man whom we saw in
the park yesterday.
Biz kecha parkda ko‘rgan kishi
shu yerda.
5. Which jonsiz buyumlar va hayvonlarga nisbatan ishlatilib, ergash
gapda ega yoki vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lib keladi:
The books which are on the table
must be returned to the library to day
(ega).
Stol ustida turgan kitoblar ku-
tubxonaga bugun qaytarilishi
kerak.
He showed me the letter which 
he had received from his brother
(to‘ldiruvchi).
U akasidan olgan xatni menga
ko‘rsatdi.
He showed me the skin of the wolf
which he had killed (to‘ldiruvchi).
U o‘zi o‘ldirgan bo‘rining te-
risini menga ko‘rsatdi.
6. Which ayrim so‘zlarga emas, o‘zidan oldin kelgan butun gapga ham
taalluqli bo‘lishi mumkin va bu deb tarjima qilinadi:
He came to see me off, which was
very kind of him.
U meni kuzatgani keldi, bu u to-
monidan juda yaxshi ish bo‘ldi.
I said nothing, which made him
still more angry.
Men hech narsa demadim, bu
uning jahlini ko‘proq chiqardi.
7. Whose jonlilarga nisbatan ishlatiladi va qaysi otga taalluqli bo‘lsa
o‘sha otning oldidan keladi:
That is the girl whose brother came
to see us yesterday.
Bu kecha akasi bizni ko‘rgani
kelgan qizdir.
Do you know the man whose house
we saw yesterday?
Biz kecha uyini ko‘rgan kishini
bilasizmi?