G‘apporov M. Ingliz tili grammatikasi

ODDIY NISBATDAGI GERUND (ACTIVE GERUND) VA MAJHUL
NISBATDAGI GERUND (PASSIVE GERUND)
1. Gerund ma’lum shaxs yoki buyumga qarashli bo‘lmagan ish-hara katni
ifodalashi mumkin:
Swimmimg is a good exercise.
Suzish – yaxshi mashq.
Lekin ko‘pincha gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat ma’lum shaxs yoki
buyumga qarashli bo‘ladi:
Tom left without fi nishing his din-
ner. (fi nishing Tomga – egaga qa-
rashli).
Tom ovqatini yeb bo‘lmasdan
chiqib ketdi..
Thank you for coming (coming 
to‘ldiruvchi youga qarashli).
Kelganingiz uchun rahmat.
2. Gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat u qarashli bo‘lgan shaxs yoki bu yum
tomonidan bajarilsa, Active Gerund ishlatiladi:
He likes inviting his friends to his
house.
U do‘stlarini uyiga taklif qilishni
yoqtiradi.
I remember having shown her the
letter.
Men unga xatni ko‘rsatganimni
eslayman.
He entered the room without noti-
cing Kate.
U xonaga Keytni payqamay kirib
keldi.
www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi

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3. Gerund ifodalayotgan ish-harakat u qarashli bo‘lgan shaxs yoki

buyumga qarashli bo‘lmasdan, boshqa shaxs yoki buyum tomonidan sodir
etilayotgan bo‘lsa, Passive Gerund ishlatiladi:
He likes being invited by his
friends.
U do‘stlari uni taklif qilishlarini
yoqtiradi.
I remember having been shown 
the letter.
Menga xatni ko‘rsatganlarini es-
layman.
He entered the room without be-
ing noticed.
U o‘zini payqatmasdan xonaga
kirdi. (Uning xonaga kirganini
payqashmadi.)
4. Ba’zan to need, to want, to require kerak ma’nosida kelgan fe’llar dan
keyin va worth arziydigan sifatidan keyin Active Gerund Passive Gerund 
ma’nosida ishlatiladi:
My shoes need repairing (being re-
paired emas).
Men tufl igimni ta’mirlatishim
ke rak.
This dress wants washing (being
washed emas).
Bu kuylakni yuvish kerak.
These bags require drying (being
dried emas).
Bu xaltalarni quritish kerak.
The book is worth reading (being
read emas).
Bu kitobni o‘qisa arziydi.