General microbiology

E. (R)CFT- Reiter's complement fixation test
17. A doctor made the diagnosis of gonorrhoea. It was known from the anamnesis that a patient had had gonorrhoea before and he had been treated completely. What type of infection can this new disease be attributed to?
A. Superinfection B. Reinfection
C. Secondary infection D. Relapse E. Autoinfection
18. Gonorrhoea was revealed in the patient on bacterioscopy of the smear from urethra. Taking into account that medecines for gonorrhoea are fluorquinolones, patient should be prescribed:
A. Ciprofloxacin B. Fluorouracil C. Cefazoline
D. Urosulfan E. Furazolidone
19. A patient has been diagnosed with gonorrhea. As fluoroquinolones are the drugs of choice for treatment of gonorrhea the patient should be prescribed:
A. Ciprofloxacin
B. Furazolidone
C. Fluorouracil
D. Sulfacarbamide (Urosulfanum)
E. Cefazolin
19. An ophthalmologist suspects blennorrhea (gonococcal conjunctivitis) in a child with signs of suppurative keratocojunctivitis. What laboratory diagnostics should be conducted to confirm the diagnosis?
A. Microscopy and bacteriological analysis.
B. Serum diagnostics and allergy test. C. Biological analysis and phagodiagnostics.
D. Biological analysis and allergy test. E. Microscopy and serum diagnostics.
20. The ophthalmologist noticed a purulent discharge from conjunctiva of a newborn. Microscopy of the smear obtained from conjunctiva found there a large number of leukocytes, as well as gram-negative bean-shaped diplococci located inside leukocytes. What is the causative agent of this disease?
A. Staphylococcus aureus B. Neisseria catarrhalis
C. Streptococcus pyogenes D. Staphylococcus epidermidis E. Neisseria gonorrhoae
Meningococci
1. While studying blood and mucus samples from the nasopharynx, a bacteriologist took certain measures to conserve the pathogens in the material. Bacterioscopic study revealed the presence of gram-negative cocci looking like coffee beans and arranged in pairs or tetrads. Name the pathogen that was isolated by the bacteriologist:
A. Neisseria meningitidis B. Staphilococcus aureus
C. Neisseria gonorrhoeae D. Moraxella lacunata
E. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
2. Bacterioscopy of nasopharyngeal mucus taken from a 2,5 year old child with nasopharyngitis revealed gram-negative diplococci looking like coffee grains. What organs of the child are most likely to be affected if these microorganisms penetrate the blood?
A. Brain tunics B. Cardiac valves C. Renal glomeruli
D. Urogenital tracts E. Lymph nodes
3. A young woman suddenly developed fever up to 39^oC accompanied by a strong headache. Examination revealed marked nuchal rigidity. Spinal puncture was performed. Gram-stained smear of cerebrospinal fluid contained many neutrophils and Gram-negative diplococci. What bacteria could be the cause of this disease?
A. Neisseria meningitidis B. Streptococcus pneumonia
C. Haemophilus influenza D. Staphylococcus aureus
E. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4. A 5 y.o. child had a temperature rise up to 40⁰C, acute headache, vomiting, anxiety, chill. 4 days later there appeared hemorrhagic skin eruption, oliguria and adrenal insufficiency that caused death. Bacteriological examination of smears from the child’s pharynx revealed meningococcus. What disease form was revealed?
A. Meningococcemia B. Meningococcal meningitis
C. Meningoencephalitis D. Meningicoccal nasopharyngitis E. –
5. A 5 year old child has the following symptoms: body temperature up to 40^oC, acute headache, vomiting, anxiety, shiver. 4 days later there appeared hemorrhagic skin rash, oliguria and adrenal insufficiency that caused death. Bacteriological examination of pharyngeal smears revealed meningococcus. What form of meningococcal infection was it?
A. Meningococcemia B. Meningococcal meningitis
C. Meningoencephalitis D. Meningococcal nasopharyngitis E. –
6. In winter a 3-year-old child has sharp rise of body temperature up to 40^oC. Hemorrhagic rash is observed on the skin and mucosa. Bean-shaped gram-negative microorganisms situated in pairs are detected in the blood. What provisional diagnosis can be made?
A. Meningococcosis B. Gonorrhea
C. Scarlet fever D. Influenza E. Diphtheria
7. A 4 month old child fell seriously ill: body temperature rose up to 38,5^oC, the child became inert and had a single vomiting. 10 hours later there appeared rash over the buttocks and lower limbs in form of petechiae, spots and papules. Some haemorrhagic elements have necrosis in the center. What is the most probable disease?
A. Meningococcemia B. Rubella C. Influenza
D. Haemorrhagic vasculitis E. Scarlet fever
8. The disease of a 21 y.o. patient began with raise of temperature up to 39,0 ⁰C, headache, chill, repeated vomiting. Rigidity of occipital muscles is determined. The analysis of liquor revealed: cytosis - 1237 in 1 ml, including: 84% of neutrophils, 16 % of lymphocytes. On bacterioscopy: gram-negative cocci are found in liquor. What is the most probable disease?
A. Meningococcal infection: purulent meningitis
B. Meningococcal infection: serous meningitis
C. Secondary purulent meningitis
D. Serous meningitis E. Infectious mononucleosis
9. A 1,5 y.o. child fell seriously ill: chill, body temperature rise up to 40,1⁰ C, then rapid dropping to 36, 2⁰ C, skin is covered with voluminous hemorrhagic rash and purple cyanotic spots. Extremities are cold, face features are sharpened. Diagnosis: meningococcosis, fulminant form, infection-toxic shock. What antibiotic must be used at the pre-admission stage?