He jolt that ran through The Rockefeller University campus
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T he jolt that ran through The Rockefeller University campus Monday morning with the news that Günter Blobel had won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was felt keenly by those most closely connected to his work—the postdocs, graduate stu- dents and technicians in his laboratory. It did not take long for the news— announced at 5:30 a.m. Eastern Standard Time by the Nobel Assembly of the Karolinska Institute in Sweden—to reach the students, and the information set off a wave of excited telephone calls in various languages to confirm that the rumor was true. Others checked the World Wide Web, television and radio to verify the claim. The announcement validated for them Blobel’s impressive stature in the field of cell biology. Virtually all of them had come to Rockefeller specifically for the chance to work in his laboratory. Many were roused from sleep between 5:30 and 6 a.m. by members of the media desperate to get in touch with Blobel. Some press outlets apparently got hold of a list of those in the lab and began calling them one by one. Elias Coutavas, a postdoctoral associate from New York City, received a call just before 6 a.m. “The person on the other end said. ‘This is CBS news. I don’t know if you’ve heard, but Dr. Blobel has won the Nobel Prize. Do you have his number?’ After I hung up the phone, I was wired. I’m not a morning person, so normally I would go back to sleep. Instead I got dressed and came in to the lab.” Others had similar experiences, Jonathan Rosenblum, a postdoc from New Jersey, received calls from CBS and the Associated Press radio. Susana Chaves, a guest investigator from Portugal, was contacted by CBS and the Portuguese press. All primarily wanted to reach Blobel, but some asked for com- ments from the lab members as well. Jost Enninga, a graduate exchange student, received a telephone call at 5:30 a.m. from his parents in Germany who had just heard the news announced by German media at 11:30 a.m. local time. Enninga woke up his roommate, Ivan Karnauchov, a postdoctoral fellow from Russia, to pass on the scoop. “It was very exciting for us,” K a rnauchov says. “I was having tro u b l e saying what I felt because I kept switch- ing between Russian, German and English. We were, of course, very happy. ” Hualin Zhong, a postdoctoral associ- ate, heard the news on the radio at home and then confirmed it by checking the Web. “I was very happy and excited,” she says. “I was hoping before I came here [in June 1998] that he would win when I was here. It was great news because he really deserves it. I’m very glad to have the chance to work with him and share such an exciting moment.” OCTOBER 15, 1999 VOLUME 10, NUMBER 5 THE ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY news &
2 Cell biology legacy 3 Don’t forget the ZIP 4 Calendar of events Blobel lab members revel in the buzz of Nobel Prize announcement By Jim Stallard The phone call heard round the world
Blobel wins 1999 Nobel Prize in medicine Members of the Blobel lab gathered on the steps of Founder’s Hall after the media frenzy abated on Mon., Oct. 11. Photo by Joseph Bonner see Call, page 3 T he Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute awarded the 1999 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine to Rockefeller Professor Günter Blobel for the discovery that “proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell.” The 20th scientist associated with the university to garner this award, he will receive a gold medal and a cash prize of $960,000 at the Nobel Assembly in Stockholm, Sweden, on December 10. “I am delighted that my colleague, Günter Blobel, is Rockefeller’s newest Nobel laureate,” says President Arnold J. Levine. “It is indeed fitting that, as we near the close of the century and the approaching Centennial, Günter should receive this award for research that has deep roots in Rockefeller history and represents great promise for the treat- ment of human disease.” Blobel, the university’s John D. Rockefeller Jr. Pro f e s s o r, heads the L a b o r a t o ry of Cell Biology and is an inves- tigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Born in Wa l t e r s d o rf, Germ a n y, on May 21, 1936, he received his medical d e g ree in 1960 from the University of Tübingen and a doctoral degree in oncology in 1967 from the University of Wisconsin at Madison, where he worked with Van R. Potter in the McArd l e L a b o r a t o ry for Cancer Researc h . He joined Rockefeller in 1967 as a postdoctoral fellow in the cell biology laboratory of Professor Emeritus Philip Siekevitz and Nobel laureate George Palade. Blobel was appointed an assis- tant professor in 1969, associate profes- sor in 1973, professor in 1976 and John D. Rockefeller Jr. Professor in 1992. He received an HHMI appointment in 1986 when HHMI established a unit at Rockefeller. In addition to a 1993 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award, Blobel has received many awards, including the King Faisal Award (with James Rothman and H. Pelham) in 1996; the Ciba Drew Award in Biomedical Research (with Levine and J. Schlessinger) in 1995; the National Academy of Sciences’ 1978 U.S. Steel Foundation Award in Molecular Biology; a 1982 Gairdner Foundation International Award; the 1983 Warburg Medal, the highest award of the German Biochemical Society; the V. D. Mattia Award of the Roche Institute of Molecular Biology; the E. B. Wilson Award from the American Society for Cell Biology (with David Sabatini); Columbia University’s Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize; the Waterford Bio- Medical Science Award; and the Max- Planck Forschungspreis. He became a member of the Leopoldina and was elected to member- ship in the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1983, the year he re c e i v e d the Academy’s Richard Lounsbery Aw a rd . Blobel is founder and president of the board of directors of the Friends of Dresden Inc. Blobel and his wife, Laura Maioglio, owner of Barbetta Restaurant in New York City, reside in New York City and Fubine, Piemonte, Italy. Professor Günter Blobel, Rockefeller University’s 20th Nobel Prize winner, waves to cheering members of the campus community as he walks with his wife, Laura Maioglio, to Monday’s news conference, below. Photo by Reuters Photo by Paul Schmeck P rofessor Günter Blobel thought the early morning phone call last Monday (Oct. 11) was a prank from one of his colleagues. But indeed, it was Nils Ringertz, the secretary of the Nobel Committee, calling from Stockholm, Sweden, to inform Blobel that he was the recipient of the 1999 Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine. The 5 a.m. call signaled the beginning of a long day that would transform Blobel into an international figure. After attempts by reporters to reach him through members of his lab (see story, below), Blobel was greeted by an army of photographers and reporters as he entered the 66th Street gate around 10 a.m. Stopping briefly to give an impromptu news conference (an official one was scheduled for 11 a.m.), Blobel retreated to his lab in Rockefeller Research Building, journalists on his heels to capture his every move and word. Photographers recorded the steps of Blobel and his wife, Laura Maioglio, as they walked hand-in-hand from Gasser Hall to Caspary Auditorium, not unlike the First Couple strolling across the White House South Lawn. Caspary Auditorium was filled with TV crews and photographers from the United States, Germany, Italy and Great Britain and well-wishers from the cam- pus community. President Arnold J. Levine was stuck at a scientific meeting on Monday and, with instructions to notify the campus by e-mail and voice see Revel, page 2 Zhong called Beatriz Fontoura, a postdoctoral associate from Brazil, at 8:30 a.m. to tell her what happened. “It was a great way to wake up,” Fontoura says. “After he won the Lasker Award [in 1993] there was an expectation that he might get the Nobel, but it’s always a surprise. He easily could have won it long before now.” For the lab members, the day was one of celebration and bemusement watching reporters mill around the hall- way and camera operators scrambling to get footage of Blobel in a laboratory set- ting. Shots of Blobel pipetting drew much lab attention. There was a small celebration with toasts during the day, with Blobel popping in to join the crowd when he could spare a minute between interviews. The lab knew Blobel was a strong can- didate for the honor, and many had speculated hopefully that this might be the year. Joe Glavy, a postdoctoral associ- ate, said that as Samuel Dales, an adjunct faculty member, left the office on Friday he asked everyone to hope for Blobel to win. “I told my parents he had a good chance of winning,” Glavy says. “They called me at 8 a.m. (Monday) saying they had heard the name on the radio along with the words ‘Nobel Prize.’ The first thing I asked was, ‘Did he win it alone?’ They said Blobel was the only name they h e a rd, so I knew what that meant.” Blobel’s influence extends to those who have passed through his lab and moved on to other positions. Lucy Pemberton, a postdoctoral associate from England who has been in Blobel’s laboratory the longest of the current members, said she found out about the Nobel from former Blobel postdoc Neris Bonfaci, who called her from Turin, Italy. “I was just incredibly excited,” Pemberton says. “He deserves it more than anyone. The old postdocs have been calling here all day really happy about the news.” Some former lab members are now faculty members at Rockefeller. Assistant Professor Mike Rout, who worked in Blobel’s lab for seven years, found out about the Nobel honor when a reporter for National Public Radio called him at home asking for help in tracking down Blobel. “I t ’s absolutely wonderful,” says Rout, who was born and educated in England but came to Rockefeller because of B l o b e l ’s reputation. “It couldn’t be more w e l l - d e s e rved. Günter is a fabulous re s e a rcher and person. In all respects, he is certainly one of the brilliant biologists of the century. It was a tremendous privi- lege to work with him in his laboratory. He has always been amazingly genero u s . ” Bobel’s generosity was displayed in another way, when he announced that he will donate his prize money, $960,000, to rebuild historical structures in Dresden, Germany and Fubine, Italy. Enninga, was particularly impressed by Blobel’s gesture. “I think it’s a great sign for peace,” he says. “It’s a way of saying ‘we will not let the crimes of war destroy an entire cultural life’.” 2 news
& notes
OCTOBER 15, 1999 Looking Back: The RU Tradition in Cell Biology By Betsy Hanson I n his comments at the press confer- ence announcing his Nobel Prize, Günter Blobel thanked his teachers, mentors and colleagues. First was Van R. Potter, his doctoral advisor at the University of Wisconsin at Madison, and then George Palade, Professor Emeritus Philip Siekevitz, and David D. Sabatini, leaders in the world-renowned cell biol- ogy laboratory at Rockefeller University that Blobel joined in 1967. By that time Rockefeller had a tradition of cell biolo- gy extending back more than 20 years, and was famous as the place where cell biology developed as a field. George Palade was one of the founders of that tradition. Palade came to Rockefeller in 1946, a year after Rockefeller researchers Keith Porter and Albert Claude and Ernest Fullam of the Interchemical Corporation published the first image of a cell as seen with an electron microscope. With its high resolution and magnification, the electron microscope opened new hori- zons for exploring the interiors of cells. Earlier researchers using light micro- scopes had been able to identify the shapes of cells, and to see the nucleus and the shadowy figures of other organelles, which seemed to float in a disorganized chemical soup. The elec- tron microscope revealed and brought into focus an array of new structures within the cell. With Porter, Palade set out to explore and map the territory inside eukaryotic cells – the kind of cell that contains a nucleus, and that makes up the human body, for example. They recognized early on that the electron microscope provid- ed only a static snapshot of the cell. To learn how the structures inside carried out various processes other techniques were needed – cell fractionation, bio- chemical analysis, pulse-chase proce- dures and autoradiography. In time, research in the Cytology Laboratory revealed a surprise for biologists: all cells in the body, whether from liver, heart, or skin, for example, have the same basic internal organization. The Nobel Prize was awarded to Palade, Claude and de Duve for the connections they made between cellular structures and their functions. Palade and Porter’s first work at Rockefeller was devoted to perfecting the techniques of electron microscopy. The methods Palade developed for fixing cells – preparing them for viewing with the electron microscope – and the microtome Porter invented for creating ultra-thin specimens greatly improved the quality of electron micrographs. Using the new techniques, in 1952 Palade described the internal structure of the mitochondria, the sausage-shaped bodies that serve as the powerhouses of the cell. At about the same time, Palade dis- covered a new structure in the cell, first termed the “Palade granule” and now called the ribosome, that synthesizes proteins. In addition to making this find- ing, in the next decades Palade and his colleagues unveiled the pathway in the cell from the synthesis of proteins to their secretion, in particular the synthe- sis and secretion of enzymes by pancreas cells. Much of this work was done in collaboration with Professor Emeritus Philip Siekevitz, who joined Palade’s lab in 1954, and later with James D. Jamieson. When Siekevitz became a full professor in 1966, the laboratory became the Palade-Siekevitz lab. This work laid the foundation for the signal hypothesis by Blobel and Sabatini, which postulated that newly synthesized proteins contain signals that guide their transport to specific addresses in the cell. Blobel’s work has also elaborated upon another research interest of Palade and Siekevitz – the structure and func- tion of cellular membranes. Blobel joined the Palade-Siekevitz lab in 1967 as a postdoctoral fellow. “When I started in Palade’s lab, the various structures in the cell had been identified with the electron microscope, and it was known that proteins have to cross mem- branes, but it wasn’t known what the mechanism was,” says Blobel. His accomplishments are direct intellectual descendants of those of the earlier Rockefeller group. “Blobel’s excellent work,” says Siekevitz, “his biochemical experiments and results, are the culmination of decades of work done at Rockefeller on how newly synthesized proteins traverse the cell.” In addition, Blobel points to Rockefeller’s Nobel-prize winning history in protein chemistry as an influence on his work. At Rockefeller, Stanford Moore and William H. Stein worked out the composition of proteins, and Professor Emeritus R. Bruce Merrifield developed a method of synthesizing them. Says Blobel, “My work connects the chemical work done by these giants to the work that has been done in cell biology, in particular by George Palade.” The tradition continues today in Blobel’s lab and in the labs of the next generation of cell biologists across cam- pus, such as Michael Rout, Sanford Simon, Titia de Lange, Thomas Sakmar and others. Nobel Laureates of The Rockefeller University S ince the institution’s founding in 1901, 20 Nobel Prize winners have been associated with the university. Of these, two are Rockefeller graduates (Edelman and Baltimore) and five laureates are current members of the Rockefeller faculty (Blobel, de Duve, Lederberg, Merrifield and Wiesel). Prizes were awarded for physiology or medi- cine, unless otherwise noted.
Beadle
1958 Joshua Lederberg 1966 Peyton Rous, with Charles B. Huggins
1967 H. Keffer Hartline, with Ragnar Granit and George Wald 1972 Gerald M. Edelman, with Rodney R. Porter 1972 Stanford Moore and William H. Stein, with Christian B. Anfinsen Chemistry 1974 Albert Claude; Christian de Duve; George E. Palade 1975 David Baltimore, with Renato Dulbecco and Howard M. Temin 1981 Torsten Wiesel, with David H. Hubel
1984 R. Bruce Merrifield Chemistry 1999 Günter Blobel Nobel laureates gather for a photo opportunity in 1975:From left, standing: George Palade, Albert Claude, Standard Moore, Christian de Duve. From left, seated:H. Keffer Hartline, Gerald Edelman and Fritz Lipmann.
Günter Blobel stands with fellow Nobel laureate James Watson (left) and Qais Al-Awqati at the reception at Barbetta Restaurant Monday evening. Al-Awqati, Blobel's close personal friend of 40 years, is a physician in the D e p a rtment of Medicine at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. Photo by Elias Coutavas Revel ,
OCTOBER 15, 1999 news
& notes
3 P rofessor Günter Blobel was award- ed the Nobel Prize for his work on translocation, the process by which newly made proteins are transported across the membranes of cell structures called organelles. Work in Blobel’s labo- ratory revealed the existence of a ZIP code system in the cell. Each newly made protein has an organelle-specific address, a stretch of the protein referred to as a signal sequence that is recognized by receptors on an organelle’s surface. Blobel and his colleagues also showed that, for at least one organelle called the endoplasmic reticulum, the binding of the signal sequence to its receptor opens a watery channel in the membrane through which the protein can travel. Because the accurate distribution of pro- teins to their proper places in the cell is necessary for a cell to function, these findings have an immediate bearing on many diseases, including cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer’s disease and AIDS, and on the pharmaceutical industry. An average cell possesses about a bil- lion protein molecules that exist in thou- sands of types and constantly need replacement. Making proteins and ship- ping them to appropriate destinations, such as the cell's internal organelles, is a vital activity in cells. Proteins are manu- factured by cellular structures called ribosomes. Up until the early 1970s, the mechanism by which proteins are trans- ported from ribosomes and integrated into other organelles or transported out of the cell remained unknown. To try and solve this mystery, Rockefeller researchers David Sabatini (now at New York University) and Blobel proposed what they called the signal hypothesis, in which a signal sequence—a short stretch of amino acids—allows the ribo- some to attach to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, an organelle responsible for synthesizing proteins. As translation continues, the protein, led by the signal sequence, passes through the membrane and the signal sequence is cleaved off. Blobel decided to test this hypothesis by mimicking the translocation process in a test tube. Blobel set up a cell-free system containing mRNA and microso- mal membranes isolated from liver cells in a rat, but the membranes blocked the synthesis of the protein (translation). Cells taken from organs of other animals also inhibited translation until he decid- ed to use dog pancreas cells. When he studied the translation products on an SDS gel, he found that they migrated faster than the precursors of the proteins made without the membranes. Blobel concluded that when a protein is translocated across the microsomal membrane, the signal peptide is cleaved off, producing a protein that migrates faster in the gel. Blobel and researchers elsewhere went on to show that proteins associated with all types of cellular compart- ments—mitochondria, chloroplasts, etc.—used different signal sequences, or ZIP codes, to target membranes. “There are thousands of cellular pro- teins that have to be transported across very specific membranes,” says Blobel. Research in Blobel’s lab began to dis- sect the translocation process into the endoplasmic reticulum. In 1980, he and his colleagues discovered the signal- recognition particle (SRP), and then its receptor on the endoplasmic reticu- lum membrane. They showed that the SRP, which consists of RNA and six polypeptide chains, recognizes the signal sequence and directs the whole complex to the SRP receptor on the membrane. In the early 1990s, Blobel and Associate Professor Sanford Simon showed that the signal sequence is the key that opens a protein-conducting channel through the endoplasmic reticu- lum membrane, enabling translocation. Current research in Blobel’s laboratory also explores the movement of proteins across nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), huge protein units suspended in the cir- cular openings within the membrane of a cell’s nucleus. NPCs can accommodate the passage of large molecular assem- blies, such as RNA or DNA bound to proteins. Each NPC mediates as many as 10 import and 10 export events per sec- ond. His laboratory recently determined the three-dimensional structure of a complex of transport factor called karyo- pherin- β
teins and targets them to the NPC. Blobel says that the picture of protein translocation is far from complete. “It is like a mosaic, made up of very beautiful stones,” says Blobel. “But when you get close, you notice that some stones are missing.” “You may be able to make out the outline of a face, for example, but some of the features are difficult to distinguish. Our job is to complete the mosaic.” In the signal hypothesis, a signal peptide is formed as a part of the protein. With the help of binding pro- teins, the signal peptide directs the ribosome to a channel in the endoplasmic reticulum. The growing pro- tein chain penetrates the channel, the signal peptide is cleaved, and the completed protein is released into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. The protein is subsequently transported out of the cell.
Molecular ZIP codes shuttle proteins around cell By Joseph Bonner mail of the pending news conference, appointed Mariellen Gallagher, vice pres- ident for communications and public affairs, and Professor James Darnell as hosts.
“For all these achievements, we have recognized him for many, many years as a cherished colleague,” Darnell told the audience. “Today he gets worldwide recognition.” Reflecting on his work, Blobel acknowledged the support he has received from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute for more than 10 years, and noted the inspiration he receives from “coming here in the morning, walking in the footsteps of...all the other important scientists who have done major breakthrough discoveries.” Taking questions from the audience, Blobel also thanked his wife, whom, he said, “has tolerated the long hours in the lab.” Purnell Choppin, a former Rockefeller professor and now president of HHMI, said that the Nobel Prize hap- pens when “you take a brilliant and innovative scientist like Günter and put him in a place like Rockefeller, which for almost 100 years has been dedicated to pursuing biological research at the basic level.”
The New York Timesreported that Blobel’s comments about disappoint- ments in research, “such as when your grants and papers are rejected,” drew “thunderous applause from the hundreds of sympathetic colleagues and younger scientists who packed the auditorium.” Near the end of his remarks about his re s e a rch, Blobel showed some slides of the German city of Dresden. Blobel recounted witnessing the bombing of D resden in 1945 when he was eight and a half years old and the ensuing f i re s t o rm. He then announced that he was going to donate most of the $960,000 prize to a philanthropy he founded four years ago called Friends of D resden for the restoration of the historic F r a u e n k i rche and a synagogue that were d e s t royed during World War II. The re s t of the prize money will help to re s t o re p a rt of the historic center of his wife’s hometown of Fubine in Piemonte, Italy. President Levine and his wife Linda, who were at a reception at Blobel’s wife’s restaurant Barbetta Monday evening, hosted a reception at the President’s House the following night. At the President’s House, he said Blobel’s Nobel Prize “means a lot inside the university, from the security guard right through to the president. “And outside the university it means that this institution has yet another prize that’s very visible. We have quietly labored doing science here and the good visibility, I think is good for New York City and the university. I think Günter has given us something both inside and outside the institution.” As proof of this, Mayor Rudy Giuliani declared Thurs., Oct. 14, “Dr. Günter Blobel Day” in New York City. President Levine toasts Günter Blobel at the President’s House last Tuesday night. Photo by Paul Schmeck David Rockefeller (center) talks with President Levine and Günter Blobel. Rockefeller rushed back to New York after hearing the news on the radio at his home in Maine. Photo by Paul Schmeck Call ,
news & notes is published each Friday throughout the academic year by The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021-6399 Phone: 212-327-8967 http://www.rockefeller.edu/pubinfo/news_notes.html
and Public Affairs Joseph Bonner , Director of Communications Lisa Stillman, Associate Director, Media Relations and Acting Editor Jim Stallar d, Science Writer Media Resource Service Center , Pre-press and Offset Ideas and submissions can be sent interoffice (Box 68), by electronic mail (newsno), or by fax (212-327-7876). Copyright, 1999. The Rockefeller University. For permission to quote or reprint material from this newsletter, please contact the editor. The Rockefeller University is an equal opportunity/affirma- tive action employer. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 17 9 a.m.–5 p.m. The Living Brain. Mary E. Hatten, RU; Mark H. Ellisman, UC San Diego; Andrea Brand, U. of Cambridge; Nicholas Spitzer, UC San Diego; David Colman, Mount Sinai School of Medicine; and Ronald D. McKay, NINDS, NIH. New York Society of Experimental Microscopists 1999 Presidential Symposium. 714 Hunter West Building, Hunter College, 68th St. at Lexington Ave. Contact Philip L. Leopold, 746-8808, pleopold@mail.med. cornell.edu. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21 12 p.m. High Sensitivity Stable Isotope Tracers Applied to Whole Body Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism. Tom Brenna, Associate Professor, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell U. Seminar. 110B
4 p.m. The Phenomenology of Modulated Phases: Magnetic Films, Polymers and Membranes. Center for Studies in Physics and Biology Seminar. B Level Conference Room, Smith Hall Annex. Tea, 3:30 p.m. Contact Matthew Turner, 327-8184. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 22 11 a.m. Coping with Replication Complex “Train Wrecks” Using Escheria coli DNA Polymerase V, a Sloppier Copier. Myron F. Goodman, Professor, Dept. of Biological Sciences, USC. Lecture. 305 Weiss. Contact Terry
12 p.m. Approaches to Study Functional Gene Expression in Psoriasis. James G. Krueger, Associate Professor, RU. Seminar in Clinical Research. 110B Nurses Residence. 12 p.m. Direct Measurement of T Cell Kinetics in Humans Using a Stable Isotope-mass Spectrometric Technique: Effects of HIV-1 Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy. Marc Hellerstein, UC Berkeley. CFAR Seminar. 6th Floor Conference Room, ADARC, 455 First Ave. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 23 12 p.m. Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Effects on Brain and Behavior. Marilyn Y. McGinnis, Professor, Dept. of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Mount Sinai School of Medicine. Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Seminar. 301
12 p.m. Protein NMR in the Post- genomic Era. David A. Cowburn, Associate Professor, RU. Biochemistry Lecture. E-115 WMCCU, 1300 York
4 p.m. Ligament Fibroblast Response to Cyclic Tensile Load in Vitro. Jo Hannafin, HSS. “From Molecules to Mobility” Research Division Seminar.
12 p.m. Role of Transcription Factors in Blood Cell Commitment. Thomas Graf, Professor, Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Molecular Biology Seminar.
12 p.m. KSHV/HHV-8 in Human Malignancies. Ethel, Cesarman, Assistant Professor of Pathology, Dept. of Pathology, WMCCU. Immunology Seminar. 117 Whitney, WMCCU, 1300 York Avenue. Contact Michele Lavarde, 746-6452. MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 27 4 p.m. NMR Studies of T-Cell Protein Interactions, Gerhard Wagner, Dept. of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard School of Medicine. NMR Structural Biology Seminar. 301 Weiss.
4 p.m. From Single to Many Molecular Motors. Frank Julicher, Institut Curie, Paris. Center for Studies in Physics and Biology Seminar. B Level Conference
4 p.m. Agonist Gating and Isoflurane Potentiation in the Human GABAA Receptor Determined by Volume of a TM2 Residue. Neil Harrison, Associate Professor, Dept. of Anesthesia and Critical Care, U. of Chicago. Pharmacology Seminar. Weill Auditorium, WMCCU, 1300 York Ave. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 29 4 p.m. Foreign DNA in Mammalian Systems. Walter Doerfler, Professor of Genetics, Institute of Genetics, U. of Cologne. Pharmacology Seminar. Weill
5:30 p.m. The Future of Biomedical Science—What We Will be Able to Do and What We Will be Allowed to Do. Daniel E. Koshland, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UC Berkeley; Former Editor, Science Magazine. Zanvil A. Cohn Forum on Health Affairs. Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Dining Room. Sherry, 5 p.m., Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Lounge. Contact Gloria Phipps, 327-8967. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 1 12 p.m.
T Cells: Distinguishing Young from Old. Adrian C. Hayday, Professor of Immunobiology, Peter Gorer Dept. of Immunobiology, Guy’s Hospital, London. Immunology Seminar. A-250, WMCCU, 1300 York Avenue. Contact Michele Lavarde, 746-6452. MONDAY, OCTOBER 4 11 a.m. Gene, Peptide and Circadian Behavior—Lessons from Misexpressing Neuropeptide Pigment- dispersing Factor in Drosophila melanogaster. Marcus Taeuber, U. of Regensburg, Germany. Lecture. 305 Weiss. 6:30 p.m. – 9 p.m. Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment at the Millennium. Seminar. Uris Auditorium, WMCCU, 1300 York Ave. Contact, Marcelle Kaplan, 746-4708. Seating available for 250 people on a first come, first served basis. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 5 4 p.m. 0-1 Laws for Single Molecules. Bud Mishra, Courant Institute, NYU. Center for Studies in Physics and Biology Seminar. B Level Conference Room,
4 p.m. Recent Advances in Nutrition and Cancer Prevention. Richard S. Rivlin, Program Director, CNRU, GI- Nutrition Service, MSKCC; Professor of Medicine, WMCCU; Chief, Nutrition Division, NYPH. CNRU Monthly Meeting. 103 Rockefeller Research Laboratories, 430 E. 67th St. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 7 12 p.m. Inhibitors of 11-Beta-hydrox- ysteroid Dehydrogenase. David J. Morris, Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown U. Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Seminar. 301
3:45 p.m. From Discovery to the Clinic: The Bryostatins. George R. Pettit, Director of the Cancer Research Institute, Regents Professor of Chemistry and Dalton Professor of Cancer Research and Medicinal Chemistry. Seminar.
12 p.m. Recursive Splicing and Developmental Regulation of Splice Site Choice in Drosophila. Antonio- Javier Lopeza, Associate Professor, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon U. 116 Rockefeller Research Laboratories, 430 E. 67th St. 12 p.m. CD 40 Signaling through TRAF Proteins: Biochemical Mechanisms & the Maintenance of Receptor Signaling Specificity. Marilyn R. Kehry, Distinguished Scientist, Dept. of Biology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals. Immunology Seminar. 117 Whitney, WMCCU, 1300 York Avenue. Contact Michele Lavarde, 746- 6452. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 22 8 p.m. Peggy Rockefeller Concerts. Petra Lang, mezzo-soprano, and Dennis Helmrich, pianist, performing works by Reger, Schumann, Wagner and Strauss.
Guarente, Professor of Biology, MIT. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 24 Structural Features of Antigen Presentation. John W. Kappler, Member, Dept. of Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, and Professor of Immunology and of Medicine, U. of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver; Investigator, HHMI.
Darst, Associate Professor, RU. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 8 Mechanisms of pre-mRNA Splicing. Magda Konarska, Associate Professor, RU. These events are held in Caspary Auditorium at 3:45 P.M. Tea is served in Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Lounge at 3:15 P.M. All are welcome. The Calendar of Events is published Fridays throughout the academic year. Deadline for submitting events is 2:00 P.M. Tuesday. Events submitted by the Tuesday two weeks before the event will be announced in two consecutive calendars—space permitting. To subscribe to the Calendar of Events mailing list, send e-mail to Macjordomo@comm.rockefeller.edu with SUBSCRIBE RUCAL-L body of the message. calendar
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