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H. Another criticism of Bessett’s experiments is that culture was studied as a subfactor
of nationality.
The experiments assumed that culture would be the same
among all members of a nationality. For example,
every American that
participated in the experiments could be assumed to have the same culture. In
reality,
culture is much more complicated than nationality. These early
experiments did not control for other factors,
such as socioeconomic status,
education, ethnicity, and regional differences in culture. All of these factors
could have a big effect on the individual’s response.
I. A third criticism of Bessett’s experiment is that the content itself should have
been more abstract,
such as a puzzle or an IQ test. With objective content, such
as nature and animals, people from different
countries of the world might have
different pre-conceived ideas about these animals. Prior knowledge based
on
geographic location would further complicate the results. A test that is more
abstract, or more
quantitative, would provide a more controlled study of how
cognitive processing works for different groups
of people.
J. The research on culture’s effect on cognitive processing still goes on today,
and while some
criticisms exist of Bessett’s early studies, the projects still
provide valuable insight. It is important for future
research projects to control
carefully for the variables, such as culture. Something like culture is complex
and difficult to define. It can also be influenced by many other variables, such as geography or education
styles. When studying a variable like culture, it is critical that the researcher create a clear definition for
what is and what is not considered culture.
