Ijpsr (2009), Issue 1, Vol



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IP 33 2020 8-Vol.-11-Issue-7-July-2020-IJPSR-RE-3445 (1)

Late Symptoms: These symptoms are depending on cancer type, location or where the cancer cells have spread.

    • Change in bowel or bladder habits

    • Obvious change in the size, color, shape, or thickness of a wart or mole

    • Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing

    • Change in size, shape, color or thickness of mole.

    • A sore throat that does not heal.

    • Hoarseness

    • Thickening or lump in the breast, testicles, or elsewhere

Other signs or symptoms may also alert you. These include the following:

    • Unexplained loss of weight or loss of appetite

    • Nausea

    • Vomiting

    • Fatigue

    • Unexplained low-grade fevers may be either persistent or not.

    • Recurring Infections

    • Pain in the bones and other body parts

Many cancers will present in with general signs or symptoms, but they often have more than these symptoms, for more specifications. For example, lung cancers have a common symptom of pain in the chest. The patient may have a persistent cough with bleeding. Lung cancer patients are become very fatigued due to shortness of breath.
Diagnosis: Diagnosis of cancer is carried by doctors by taking screening tests of patients. For example, colonoscopy, mammography, and a pap test. Other tests are also performed before screening tests to check the abnormalities in the body. For example, CT scan, MRI scan, X-rays and ultrasound. In that area which is not clearly visualized like some lymph nodes or inside bones, radionuclide test is performed for this purpose.




Person with cancer who have no symptom then they diagnosed during tests of other condition or issues, and if any person has symptoms of cancer doctor will perform various tests 21, 22.
Lab Tests: Lab test include urine, blood and other body fluids to measures the substances which are responsible for the cancer in our body, like low and high levels of the substance which can cause cancer. Tumor markers are produced by the cancer cells and other cells in response to cancer. Lab tests are not the accurate result for cancer diagnosis, so doctor needs to clarify these tests by performing other cancer tests also.

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