Ijpsr (2009), Issue 1, Vol

Types of Cancer Treatments: There are various types of cancer treatments, which depend upon the cancer type and how to advance it is. Some patients have only one cancer treatment but mainly have a combination of treatments like surgery with radiation therapy.
The various types of treatments are: ²⁷

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  Surgery: To prevent or reduce the disease’s spread and remove cancer from the body, surgeon may remove lymph nodes.
  
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  Radiation Therapy: In this therapy high doses of radiation are used to treat cancer by shrinking tumors and to kill cancer cells.
  
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  Chemotherapy: In this therapy, chemicals are used to treat cancer by killing cancer cells and also by shrink tumors but have severe side effects.
  
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  Immunotherapy: In this therapy, the immune system is boost by medication or other treatments. Example, adoptive cell and checkpoint inhibitors treatment.
  
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  Targeted Therapy: In this therapy, changes in a cancer cell that help them divide, spread and grow by targeting and immune system also boost. Example, monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule drugs.
  
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  Hormone Therapy: In this therapy, hormones are used to treat cancer, such as prostate and breast by stop and slow growth.
  
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  Stem Cell Transplants: In this therapy, the stem cells restore in cancer patients, which are destroyed by very high doses of radiation or chemotherapy.
  
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  Precision Medicine: It is the newer approach, in which the best treatment for a patient is determined by genetic testing.
  

Surgery: To prevent or reduce the disease’s spread and remove cancer from the body, the surgeon may remove lymph nodes. Small thin knives called scalpels are used by the surgeons and other sharp tools also used to cut through muscle, skin and sometimes bones during surgery. These cuts are painful after surgery before surgery anesthesia is given to the patient to relieve from pain ²⁹.
Surgeries are used for the solid tumor, which is the local treatment because it contained in one area. Surgery is not used for metastatic cancer or leukemia i.e., blood cancer. The patient needs good nutrition before and after the surgery if he/she is underweight and weak.
Food intake of the patient will change after the surgery of the intestine, mouth, throat or stomach. The food is given in an IV or feeding tube. Other surgeries also present for treatment of cancer which does not involve any cuts are:

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