The Role of Social Media for Collaborative Learning to Improve Academic Performance of Students and Researchers Al-Rahmi, Othman, and Yusuf This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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Effective Use of Social Media Social media’s potential power to facilitate higher-level learning outcomes via collaborative
learning appears evident and it is supported by studies in literature (Brown, 2012; Junco,
Heiberger & Loken, 2011; Novak, Razzouk, & Johnson, 2012). Even UNESCO, in its policy
document, supported the potential of social media in this regard (Kommers, 2011) and
recommended classroom experimentation with it to highlight its strengths and weaknesses. The
perspective of the potential effective use of collaborative learning via social media in institutions
of higher learning in the present time is often referred to as Web 2.0 (O’Reilly, 2007). This
provides more interaction, collaborative learning, and user modifications (Kaplan & Haenlein,
2010) compared to Web 1.0, which is characterized as a more static resource that allows less
interaction (Naik & Shivalingaiah, 2008). In comparison to normal websites, social media has
specific applications that provide various ways to collaborate. They comprise different tools
elaborated by Kaplan and Haenlein (2010), which include collaborative projects (Wikipedia),
blogs, content communities (YouTube), and social networking sites (Facebook). Social
networking sites (SNSs) have strong academic cultures that are built within the online community
(June, 2011). Social media does not merely allow knowledge transfer but it also facilitates
students’ collaborative learning to creating understanding among students, discussion with peers,
lecturers,
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ncrease knowledge sharing, and improve research students skills (Redecker et al.,
2010). Surveys were administered to undergraduate and graduate students, the result significant
differences were found between Facebook users and non-users for Grade Point Average (GPA)
and study time (Karpinski, 2009). This notion was reflected in prior studies’ (Larusson &
Alterman, 2009; Ertmer, Newby, Liu, Tomory, Yu, & Lee, 2011) experiments involving students
and Wiki’s. Furthermore, according to Meyer (2010), using social media in completing
assignments led to greater degrees of learning as asserted by Bloom’s taxonomy, particularly in
online discussions. Evidence was also found for the potential contributions of Twitter, a micro-
blogging tool (Junco et al., 2011) and social annotation tools to collaborative learning (Novak et
al., 2012).