Introduction. Syntax is 1 a system of rules and means of creating

parts of the sentence are 1) simple, i.e. expressed by a single word-form
(synthetic or analytical); 2) extended or expanded, expressed by a subordinte
or co-ordinate word-group; 3) clausal, expressed by a clause within a complex
sentence.
The English parts of the sentence have two structural typed not found in
Russian, they are 1) complex parts of the sentence, expressed by verbal and
non-verbal predicative constructions; 2) formal subject and object.
I. The main parts of the sentence. The subject and the predicate are
considered to be interdependent parts of the sentence. They are bearers of
predication forming the sentence. Predicative connection is a mandatory type
of the connection in forming a sentence as a communicative unit. Predication
underlying the relations of the subject and the predicate is called primary
predication, it includes the arrangement an utterance out of the syntactic
components, in order to form a communicative unit correlated with reality. The
predicative connection is characterized by the fact that its components are
equal in rank. Such a connection is called coordination/interdependence.
Syntactic connections are expressed by means of: morphological means, word
order, intonation, functional words and others.
The reason for calling the subject and the predicate the main parts of the
sentence and distinguishing them from all other parts which are treated to be
secondary parts of the sentence, is as follows. The subject and the predicate
constitute the backbone of the sentence: without them the sentence would not
exist at all, whereas all other parts may or may not be there, and if they are
there, they serve to define or modify either the subject or the predicate, or each
other.
The definition of the subject would, then, be something like this. The
subject is one of the two main parts of the sentence. It denotes the object of
reality whose action or characteristic is expressed by the predicate. It is not
dependent on any other part of the sentence. It may be expressed by different