Introduction to computer science dessalegn Mequanint Yehuala Foreword

Secondary or Mass storage device: enables a computer to permanently store
large amounts of data. Commonly used mass storage devices include disk drives
and tape drives.
Input device: 
users interact with a computer using input devices. Input devices usually a
keyboard and mouse are used by a user in order to provide instructions to a computer.
Output device: 
computer uses a screen or monitor, printer, or other device to display
outputs.
Central processing unit (CPU):
the brain of the computer, this is the component
responsible for executing instructions.
2 What is Computer Science?
There are several definitions for the term Computer Science most of them converge to the one
given here. Computer Science can be defined as the study of computers and computational
systems. Computer scientists deal mostly with software and software systems; this includes
their theory, design, development, and application .
3 What is Information Technology?
The term Information Technology is defined as the study or use of systems (especially
computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information[3]. It
refers to the uses of computers, networking, software and other equipment to manage
information. In the modern world information technology is integral to the success of business
and most companies are equipped with computers, DBMS (Database Management Systems),
servers(computers with high computing capacity) for storing, processing, retrieving and
protecting information of the company.

---

---

Introduction To Computer Science
18
4 What is Information and Communication Technology?
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an umbrella term that includes
communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones,
computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems, etc. and all the technical
means for processing and communicating information . The terms encompasses both digital as
well as pre-digital technologies, including paper-based writing. However, it is most often used
to describe digital technologies including:
1.
Components of data communication such as communication protocols,
transmission techniques, communications equipment, transmission medium.
, as well as
2.
available techniques for data storage and information processing.
The term has been coined out due to the convergence of information technology (IT) and
telecommunication technology. In a nutshell ICT encompasses elements such as storage media
to record information (whether paper, pen, magnetic disk/ tape, optical disks - CD/DVD, flash
memory etc.); and also technology for broadcasting information - radio, television,; and any
technology for communicating through voice and sound or images- microphone, camera,
loudspeaker, telephone to cellular phones and the Internet .