ةيسدنهلا مولعلل ةرصبلا ةلجم
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ددعلا ،
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،
2017
64
Fig. 8 Flow operation of The Cooling/Heating System.
b) Irrigation Control System:
The aim of the Irrigation control system is to stabilize
the humidity of the soil in an efficient way. The hardware
managed by the fuzzy controller that has two inputs (Err and
∆Err). Both the Err and ∆Err have 5 triangle membership
functions (NB, NS, Z, PS, PB). The universe of discourse
for both Err and ∆Err is (-5 ~ 5) and (-2 ~ 2) respectively.
The output is (PWM) also represented with 5 membership
functions (VL, L, M, H, VH), and the universe of discourse
is (0 ~ 255).
At the moment that the fuzzy controller produce value
less than 150 V as Pulse Width Modulate (PWM) ,
Motor
Driver (L298) would apply voltage that couldn’t operate the
Motor (Pump) in appropriate manner to push water. In order
to solve that, this problem should be taken in consideration
when designing the fuzzy controllers. The fuzzy controllers
will produce PWM that equal to 150 or less if the desired
water level in soil has been satisfied.
The flow operation of the irrigation control system is
illustrated in Fig. 9.
Basrah Journal for Engineering Sciences, vol. 17, no. 1, 2017 65
Fig. 9 Flow operation of Irrigation control system.
c) Light Control System:
The aim of the Light control system is to establish the
intended brightness in a specific range, which helps the
plants in the photosynthesis.
The Fuzzy controller is
managing the entire process in order to get the best
performance, high efficiency, and stable system. The Fuzzy
controller has two inputs (Err and ∆Err), the Err and ∆Err
both have 5 triangle membership functions (VL, L, M, D,
VD) and (NB, NS, Z, PS, PB) respectively. The universe of
discourses for both the Err and ∆Err is (-1023 ~ 1023) and (-
200 ~ 200) respectively, while the output has 3 membership
functions (L, M, H) and the universe of discourse is (0 ~
255). This output represents the PWM signal to drive the
LED Board to obtain the required illumination. Fig. 10
shows the flow operation of the light control system.
ةيسدنهلا مولعلل ةرصبلا ةلجم
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دلجم
17
ددعلا ،
1
،
2017
66
Fig. 10 The flow operation of the Light control system.
C. The IoT Structure:
In recent years, a large number of IoT interest papers
have been published. IoT acts as the main role in technology
development. The IoT introduces numerous facilities in any
field that may use it. This paper focusing on using IoT in the
greenhouse as previously explained, the proposed
greenhouse had three intelligent systems.
The function of
IoT in this work gives the pleasant the ability to monitor and
control their greenhouses remotely.
To make the work of IoT easy to understand, Fig. 11
provide an imagination about how the IoT work in upload
and download data and deliver it to the control systems.
Basrah Journal for Engineering Sciences, vol. 17, no. 1, 2017 67
Fig. 11 The upload and download data operation.
To achieve the IoT system that could perform the
functions that has been illustrated in Fig. 11, there are some
programs and techniques should be employed:
a) Design a web application:
The First step was designing a web page to display the
information for the user. The web page should be easy to
use, attractive, and has a simple
HTML code in order to
speed up the execution of functions of the web page.
The designed web application is important to be secured
with Username and password for each user. Also, the
permissions of each member are different, a part of
members are authorized to access, monitor, and control the
systems as shown in Fig. 12.
While the other part has the ability to access and monitor
the state of the systems as shown in Fig. 13.
a) The cloud technology:
The real problem faced in this project as especial case
and in IoT as general case is centered on the public Internet
address (IP). This is a big problem facing the developers of
IoT. However, there are several solutions; one of them is the
use of cloud technology.
Fig. 12 The web application: control and monitor.
Fig. 13 The web page: monitor.
There are several companies offer to the developers a
space on their servers and give them a domain name. This
domain name gives the ability to the developers to access
their server from anywhere in the world. In this work, the
000webhost
is selected, in which the website code and
additional files of PHP and MySQL are uploaded by
Filezilla program to a 000webhost server.
b) Local communications of nodes:
In order to make several nodes capable to connect to
internet and download the set-points and upload their system
status, the master-slave technique could be used. The master
would be defined as node that has the ability to connect to
the public internet by the Ethernet to download/upload the
nodes data. Also, the master node communicate locally with
others node by using the RF Transmitter. While, the slave
node is only communicate with slave node to send their
status and receive the set-point that specified for its control
system.
c) Remotely Management and Monitor the system’s status:
In this article, attempt
to construct a prototype IoT, using
simple, cheap, and available tools. To apply the IoT in a
practical application, there are many tools should be
employed like Ethernet Arduino Shield and Arduino
microcontroller.
The Ethernet plays as the main tool which makes a
connection between the greenhouse and the router that acts
as a gateway. The first step was programming the
microcontroller to make a link between the greenhouse and
the server, to be more accurate
with the PHP files that
should be resided on the server. The PHP file function
fetches the data send through the link from the greenhouse
and store it in MySQL table. The link established by HTTP
request, which is issued by the microcontrollers.
The download data is accomplished by multiple HTTP
requests from the greenhouse to the server. The response of
the server has returned the code to the source
(microcontroller) of the request. The microcontroller will
receive the server’s response and store it in buffers, then
start to looking for the intended
parameters that used for
managing. In this project is considered as set-points whose
utilize to drive the intelligent control systems that explained
previously.
The last feature in this IoT system is the utilization of
the IP camera to offer an online monitoring for the
greenhouses, there is an icon in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 referred
to the camera which enables the pleasant to watch their
plants online.
The problem faced the developers is the dynamic IP that
changes every time after the router reboot. In order to solve
that, NO-IP website could be used to obtain a dynamic
domain name. This domain name should be set-up in the
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