Jude the Obscure (Oxford World's Classics)
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PART FIRST Esdras: the Apocrypha; Esdras : –. Christminster: Oxford. Jude: Jude was originally Jack. His surname was at different stages Eng- land, Head, Hopeson, Stancombe, Fawley; the latter was decided on after Chapter . historic disciples : Christ’s disciples who ‘stood afar o ff’ at the Crucifixion. (Luke : ). For this idealized figuring of Phillotson see p. below. Marygreen: Great Fawley, Berkshire. The schoolmaster’s departure was added after the first twelve chapters had been written; only then did Hardy invent Phillotson. All references to him up to Chapter are later interpolations mainly replacing references to Sue at Christminster. Note pp. , , and below, where original MS references are changed in this way. quaintly hipped : with a hipped roof: one with sloping instead of vertical ends and ‘quaint’ because unusual. modern Gothic: the Victorian version of medieval Gothic church architecture. willow-pattern: design on pottery showing eloping lovers and willow trees, a symbol of distress. about a year ago: (, also): MS ‘a month’ did not allow time for Phillotson and Jude to become attached. So, when the schoolmaster was created (after Chapter of MS) the longer time became necessary for plausibility. This weakness . . . unnecessary life: this melancholy is a characteristic inherited by Jude’s son, Little Father Time. “Now they that are younger . . . flock”: the first of several references to Job; here : . Cf. pp. , , below. Jude . . . somewhere (, also): MS deletes a reference to Sue’s adoption by the Provost of a Christminster college, which was part of the original story and accounted for her presence there: ‘why don’t you go o ff and get the head of a college to adopt ’ee as your cousin has done.’ See also pp. , . sprawl : enterprise. with we : MS adds: ‘Don’t ’ee ever marry my child. Do as I did, and all med be well.’ He pulled . . . Growing up: drawn from Hardy’s own experience as a boy: ‘Re flecting on his experiences so far as he had got, he came to the conclu- sion that he did not wish to grow up’ (Life, ). Jude’s son shares and ful fils this wish. Icknield Street . . . Roman road: this does not fit the route of the Roman road which is further north. the eaves : MS deletes: ‘He remembered that a ladder had been a feature in the accident which had caused the death of his uncle.’ Herne the Hunter: said to haunt Windsor Great Park. Apollyon : the hideous monster that Bunyan’s Christian meets in the Valley of Humiliation. the captain : a story probably taken from a translation of tales by the German novelist Wilhelm Hau ff (–). This reading is evidently meant to contrast with the lists in Chapter vi. He set . . . Marygreen now: MS deletes the original reference to Sue, then the focus of Jude’s Christminster hopes: ‘He set himself to wondering on the exact point in the glow where his cousin might be; she who never communicated with his branch of the family.’ Similarly ‘her soul’ earlier stood for ‘Mr. Phillotson’s soul’ and the breeze touched her face not his. See p. above and p. . Nebuchadnezzar’s furnace : in Daniel ( : –) the three faithful to God are preserved from the king’s fire, unlike the faithful Jude and Sue. some place which he could call admirable: MS substitutes ‘admirable’ for the original ‘home’, i.e. with Sue. See note to p. above and p. . female pills: probably a supposed abortifacient. Explanatory Notes heaven lies about them then: William Wordsworth (–), ‘Ode: on the Intimations of Immortality’: ‘Heaven lies about us in our infancy’. Alfredston: Wantage, Oxfordshire. At this date . . . atmosphere ( , also): again MS deletes an ori- ginal reference to Sue: ‘Why should he not write to his cousin, and ask her to be so kind as to get him the grammars . . . He had never seen her in his life . . . ’. See note to p. above and p. . The letter to Sue was later replaced by the letter in the piano case to Phillotson. Grimm’s Law : Jacob Grimm ( –) formulated an account of con- sonant changes that really did di fferentiate Germanic from other Indo- European languages. Hardy chooses to see this as a sophistication of Jude’s idea of Latin as decodable like a cipher. hat over his face, and watched (MS, , also): adds: ‘and it having no lining, watched.’ Delphin editions: out-of-date editions, originally published in France. The woes of Dido: in book four of Virgil’s Aeneid Dido, Queen of Carthage, is deserted by her lover, Aeneas, and kills herself. Phœbe silvarumque potens Diana: ‘O Phoebus, and Diana, powerful queen of the forests’; opening of Horace’s Carmen Saeculare, a prayer for hap- piness and prosperity. He had dabbled . . . : this reading corresponds with Hardy’s own. He owned Samuel Clarke’s edition of Homer ( ) and Griesbach’s New Testament (Life, ff.). I have read . . . : this is taken from a list of favourite passages written into Hardy’s copy of Clarke’s Homer (Dorchester County Museum). D.D.: Doctor of Divinity, a distinguished class of degree. I’ll be her beloved son . . . well pleased: Matthew : . The parallel between Jude and Christ recurs; cf. pp. , , , , , , . Contrast note to p. above. The pig’s-pizzle throwing scene, which had attracted the hostility of those like Mrs Oliphant, was modi fied in , chiefly by making refer- ences to the penis less direct. In Arabella says ‘If I had thrown anything at all, it shouldn’t have been such an indecent thing as that!’ corrected to ‘it shouldn’t have been that’. Similarly : ‘Give it to me.’ : ‘Bring back what is lying there’; : ‘the fragment of pig’; : ‘her missile’; and in one of the others refers to the scene ‘on the bridge, wi’ that piece o’ pig hanging between ye’; : ‘on the bridge when he looked at ee . . . ’. The bowdlerizing remains in late editions even up to . deedily: vigorously. She saw that he had singled her out : in MS Jude singles out Arabella not in ‘obedience to conjunctive orders from headquarters’ ( , , ) but first ‘in the automatic operation of a normal law’ (deleted), and then ‘in obedience to procreative orders from headquarters’. Explanatory Notes dubbin: grease for leather. Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ∆ΙΑΘΗΚΗ : the Greek title of the New Testament. Mizzel: ‘hurry’. Samson and Delilah: this reference (, , ), implying the sex- ual threat to Jude, replaces MS ‘Susannah and the elders’, which laid emphasis on Sue’s vulnerability. In Judges , Delilah entices Samson into telling her that his hair is the secret of his mighty strength. She has his head shaved while he is sleeping and so delivers him into the hands of his enemies, the Philistines. Later (p. ) Jude, recaptured by Arabella, is ‘her shorn Samson’. she had grown brighter: possibly meaning she had obtained abortifacient ‘female pills’. Thus she possibly tells Jude the truth when confessing to her pregnancy and then procures an abortion when she has achieved her aim of marriage. they would . . . weeks: a satirical reference to the Anglican marriage service. nothing in it of the nature of vice: this claim that fornication was not a sin would have been shocking to contemporary readers. The animal’s note . . . hopeless: the detailed description of the pig-killing caused outrage, though Hardy intended it as an attack on cruel methods of slaughter. Life records his horror when at the age of or he heard ‘The pandemonium of Smith field, with its mud, curses, and cries of ill-treated animals’ (p. ). glane: sneer. It was the same . . . little maid: cf. p. below where Sue’s father, not her mother, went to London. The story of her parents is unclear in all editions. Spinoza: Benedict (Baruch) de Spinoza (–). The reference seems ironic, since Jude at this time would not find Spinoza’s idea of an indif- ferent Providence attractive. Yüklə 1,33 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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