The semantic principle of classification for phraseological units
The considerable contribution made by Russian scholars in phraseological research cannot be exaggerated. The classification system of phraseological units devised by V.V. Vinogradov is considered by some linguists of today to be outdated, and yet its value is beyond doubt because it was the first classification system which was based on the semantic principle. It goes without saying that semantic characteristics are of immense importance in phraseological units. It is also well known that in modern research they are often sadly ignored. That is why any attempt at studying the semantic aspect of phraseological units should be appreciated.
Vinogradov’s classification system is founded on the degree of semantic cohesion (сцепление) between the components of a phraseological unit. Units with a partially transferred meaning show the weakest cohesion between their components. The more distant the meaning of a phraseological unit from the current meaning of its constituent parts, the greater is the degree of semantic cohesion. Accordingly, V.V. Vinogradov classifies phraseological units into three classes: phraseological combinations, unities and fusions (фразеологические сочетания, единства и сращения).
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