4.3
Principles of Management
Evolution of Management Thought
c. Cooperation than individualism.
d. Working for maximum output than restricted output.
e. Developing workers to the fullest extent.
Elements of Scientific Management :
F.W.Taylor opined ‘ Management is the art of knowing exactly what you want men to do and
seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way. He advocated the following elements of Scientific
Management.
Work Study :
Work Study is related to analyzing work to be performed
by eliminating unnecessary
operations and finding out the quicker way of doing it. Works study eliminates wasteful and
unnecessary operations, and increases production through scientific principles such as.
1. Time study : To determine the time required performing the job in the best possible
way.
2. Method Study : To keep the cost of production at the minimum level.
3. Motion Study : Objects of motion study are.
i.
Studying the movements of operations and machines.
ii.
Identifying and eliminating unnecessary and wasteful motions.
4. Fatigue study : The object of this study is to examine how long a person can perform
the standard task without causing any adverse effect on his health and efficiency.
4.4.3 STANDARDISATION OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
:
According to this principle proper tools and equipment are essential for increasing the
speed of work.
4.4.4 SCIENTIFIC SELECTION, PLACEMENT AND TRAINING :
Taylor wanted a radical change in the methods and procedures of selecting workers. Workers
should be selected by considering their education, experience and attitude towards work. The
placement of workers should be such that only the most suitable persons are assigned the work.
Placement should be on the basis of merit rating. Workers should be given training to make them
suitable for the jobs.
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