3.12
Centre for Distance Education
Acharya Nagarjuna University
1
collective efforts. It is the orderly arrangement of group effort to provide unity of action in the pursuit
of common objectives.
Controlling :
Controlling is the process of ensuring that the organization is moving in the desired
direction and that progress is being made towards the achievement of goals.
Steps in controlling :
(a)
establishing standards for measuring work performance.
(b)
measurement of actual performance and comparing it with the standards.
(c)
finding variances between the two and the reasons therefore, and.
(d)
taking corrective action for correcting deviations so as to ensure attainment of
objectives.
The management process mentioned above is Universal to all the managers irrespective
of levels and organisations with little deviations. It is never ended process, because after controlling
is completed, it gives the basis for planning and again planning starts. That is why management
process is represented like a circle as follows.
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