Ideal gazlard a:
1
. G az m o le k u la la ri o ra s id a o 'z a ro to rtis h is h k u c h la ri m a v ju d
em as.
2. G az m o le k u la la rin in g o 'lc h a m la ri h iso b g a
o lin m asa h a m
b o 'la d ig a n d a ra ja d a kichik.
3. G az m o le k u la la rin in g o 'z a ro to 'q n a s h u v i x u d d i ela stik sh ar-
la m in g to 'q n a s h u v id e k so d ir b o 'la d i.
S iy rak lash tirilg an real g a z la rn in g xossalari id eal g a z g a y a q in
(m asalan: H e - geliy). H a q iq a td a id ea l g a z n in g o 'z i y o 'q .
Lekin
id e a l g az q o n u n la rin i o 'rg a n is h real g a z n in g tu rli xil sh a ro itla r-
d a q a n d a y x u s u s iy a td a b o 'lish in i a n iq la sh g a y o rd a m b e ra d i. Ideal
g a z n in g h o la t te n g la m a sin i k eltirib c h iq a rish u c h u n id eal g a z n in g
aso siy q o n u n la rin i e sg a olam iz.
B oyl-M ariott qon u n i: h a ro ra t o 'z g a rm a s b o 'lg a n d a , b o sim o 'z-
g a rish i h a jm o 'z g a ris h ig a tesk a ri p ro p o rsio n al:
Pv =
const.
G ey -L y u ssak qon u n i: b o sim o 'z g a rm a s b o 'lg a n d a , h ajm
o 'z g a ris h i h a ro ra t o 'z g a ris h ig a to 'g 'ri p ro p o rsio n al:
v
—
= const.
T
S h ari qon u n i: h ajm o 'zgarm as b o 'lg a n d a , bosim o 'zg arish i
h ajm o 'z g a rish ig a t o 'g 'r i p roporsional:
P
— = const.
T
1834-yilda B oyl-M ariott v a G ey -L y u ssak
q o n u n i a so sid a Kla-
p e y ro n id e a l g a z in in g h o la t te n g la m a si k eltirib chiqaradi:
Pv
— = const.
T
G a z n in g m u tla q b o sim in i h ajm ig a k o 'p a y tm a s in in g m u tla q
h a ro ra tg a n isb a ti o 'z g a rm a y d i v a u P b ila n b elg ilan ad i.
B u kat-
talik g az d o im iy si d eb ataladi:
^ = R
(
6
)
T
S h u n d a y qilib, b iz g az p a ra m e trla ri P, p v a T n i o 'z a ro b o g '-
la y d ig a n te n g la m a n i, y a 'n i id ea l g a z n in g h o la t
te n g la m a sin i ho-
sil qildik.
R -
g az d oim iysi
kgK_
G az d o im iy sin in g fizik m a 'n o si: g az d o im iy si 1 kg g a z n in g 1 °C
g a isitilg an d a o 'z g a rm a s b o sim d a b a ja rg a n k e n g a y ish ishidir.
1
k g jism u c h u n id eal g a z n in g h o la t tenglam asi:
Pv = R T
(7)
m
k g g az u c h u n h o la t tenglam asi:
Pv = m R T
(
8
)
1
km ol g az u c h u n h o lat tenglam asi:
Py = pRT
(9)
fiR - u n iv ersa l g az d oim iysi, u n in g q iy m a tin i n o rm a l s h a ro it
u c h u n hiso b lay m iz. N o rm al sh a ro itd a b o sim P=101325 Pa, h a ro ra t
T=273 °K va h ajm p=22,4 m 3/k m o l g a teng.
Г /
n
101325* 22,4
и R =
— = 8314
273
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