the ALE) until recently were as a rule clearly differentiated. Formal education is usually
regulated, standardized (takes requested forms) by the government and society. The methods
of such regulation are standards, fixed by legislation educational systems of a certain type,
nationally recognized documents issued to graduates (certificate, diploma, qualifications) and
authorizing for the certain actions. Formal education usually provides access to the next level
of education. Some levels of formal education are approved by the government as mandatory
for all citizens.
The concept of non-formal education includes all types of educational programs and training
courses that do not give the right to obtain a certificate that provides a change in professional
status. Non-formal education / learning, if desired, allows for general cultural (and sometimes
professional) development of a person at all stages of his/her life, regardless of the initial
educational level. It is usually associated with the field of hobbies and realization of creative
potential of the individual. Sometimes non-formal education plays a compensatory or adaptive
role for people who for various reasons have not been able to or do not want to get a formal
education.
The informal (that is, outside of any form) means learning, directly "embedded" in the life of
every person and received in the course of communication, work, under the influence of the
media, enlightenment activities, while reading books, analysis of the own experience and
experiences of others, etc.
The continuity of formal education levels forms a vertical of the LLL, where a transition from
level to level is expected along the bottom-up education (preschool, school, vocational,
university, postgraduate). The horizontal line of the LLL is more represented by non-formal and
informal education, which can sometimes be carried out simultaneously with the formal one.
Integration of these two directions ensures the continuity of all educational processes,
including ALE. In many countries, which pay significant attention to the development of the
ALE sub-sector, recently all three forms of education (formal, non-formal, informal) are
overlapping more often, the boundaries between them are blurred, providing a constant and
continuous learning pathway "as long and wide as a life". Some researchers sometimes
mention the third vector of the educational movement - "life-deep learning", which means
conscious self-knowledge and cultural / spiritual development of a person. All three pathways
represent a kind of volumetric "area" within which there are all opportunities for the harmonious
development of people for sustainable development and world progress.
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