Acknowledgement number: The number of the next expected segment in a TCP sequence
Address class system: A system which defines how the global IP address space is split up
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP): A protocol used to discover the hardware address of a node with a certain IP address
Anycast: A technique that's used to route traffic to different destinations depending on factors like location, congestion, or link health
Application layer payload: The entire contents of whatever data applications want to send to each other
Application layer: The layer that allows network applications to communicate in a way they understand
ARP table: A list of IP addresses and the MAC addresses associated with them
ASN: Autonomous System Number is a number assigned to an individual autonomous system
Automatic allocation: A range of IP addresses is set aside for assignment purposes
B
Bit: The smallest representation of data that a computer can understand
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP): A protocol by which routers share data with each other
Broadcast address: A special destination used by an Ethernet broadcast composed by all Fs
Broadcast:A type of Ethernet transmission, sent to every single device on a LAN
C
Cable categories: Groups of cables that are made with the same material. Most network cables used today can be split into two categories, copper and fiber
Cables: Insulated wires that connect different devices to each other allowing data to be transmitted over them
Caching and recursive name servers: They are generally provided by an ISP or your local network, and their purpose is to store domain name lookups for a certain amount of time
Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD):CSMA/CD is used to determine when the communications channels are clear and when the device is free to transmit data
