AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF SPECIES OF THE GENUS Atriplex L. X.U. Khalbekova Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan M. Ulugbek street, 83 The cultivation of halophyte plants can contribute to the creation of highly
productive long-term pasture communities on secondary saline lands, as well as their
effective use as medicinal raw materials, since the chemical composition of this family
is very diverse and unique. It is represented by various amino acids, carbohydrates,
phenolic compounds (flavonoids, isoflavones, xanthones, tannins, etc.), essential oils,
etc.
In this regard, studies of the component composition of plants growing in the
extreme climatic conditions of the chul are promising, for this it is necessary to
determine the main classes of biologically active substances, one of which are amino
acids, which are the main structural units of the human body and play a huge role in the
biosynthesis of biologically active compounds, proteins and peptides.
The largest number of plant cover species of saline soils in Uzbekistan belongs to the
Chenopodiaceae family, many of whose representatives have valuable fodder potential
and are medicinal and they are extremely promising for use in the ecological restoration
and increase in the productivity of degraded pastoral lands in the arid regions of the
world.
In this regard, the choice of plants that are potentially promising species for
study was also determined:
Atriplex aucheri Moq. and
Atriplex tatarica L.
( Chenopodiaceae family
) , growing in the conditions of the dried bottom of the Aral Sea,
to identify the features of the intake and accumulation of amino acids by plants of the
genus Atriplex in conditions of technogenic pollution and evaluate the possibilities of
agricultural practices for obtaining environmentally friendly products.
The young leaves of
Atriplex species are valuable sources of vitamins and are used in
spring (instead of spinach) as green leafy vegetables. The leaves contain organic acids
(
A. laciniata L.), coumarins and flavonoids (
A. rosea L.), alkaloids (
A. halimus L.), and
phosphatidylglycerol (
A. prostrata Baucher ex DC.). Determination of free amino acids
in the form of their PTC derivatives was carried out by the method of Steven A. and
Cohen Daviel J. In the studied species of the genus
Atriplex , 20 free amino acids were
identified, of which 10 are essential - threonine, arginine, tyrosine, valine, methionine,
isoleucine, histidine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, lysine, leucine.
Both species had the highest content of free methionine. Arg, Cys, and Trp also
dominated in
A. aucheri , while Pro, Phr, and Ala dominated in
A. tatarica . The studied
plants of the genus
Atriplex are of particular interest both in scientific and ecological
terms, which allows us to consider them as promising for introduction into culture in the
Aralkum, and the assumption that plants have a selective ability to accumulate chemical
elements has been experimentally confirmed. It has been established that the more
microelements with a wide range of concentrations are combined in one plant, the
greater the ecological amplitude of the growth of this plant and, as a result, the higher
its adaptive capacity in conditions of technogenic pollution of new valuable drugs of
combined action. The work was supported by grant No. AL-632204135 (Ministry of
Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan).