4.2 Emotional classroom climate in primary geometry education
through students’ lenses: Similarities and differences
Here, the focus was to evaluate the distribution of emotional classroom climate
categories. Given the cross-sectional design, it is not possible to show a progression
of the emotional classroom climate over the school period. For that reason, the results
are discussed with respect to the similarities and differences of the distribution
KUZLE (2021)
865
regarding the different grade levels.
As shown in
Table 4
, a positive classroom climate was most frequently coded (48%
of drawings). This was independent of the grade level, where almost all the students’
drawings included at least one positive emotional feature. This was followed by
ambivalent, neutral, and negative emotional classroom climates, with 33%, 10%, and
5% of drawings, respectively. In total, only 4% of drawings were rated as
unidentifiable. With respect to the positive classroom climate a decrease from the
lower (60% in Grade 3) to the higher grades is observable (46% in Grades 5 and 6),
reaching its minimum in Grade 4 (42%). In other words, drawings portraying a
positive classroom climate in geometry lessons were only dominant in Grade 3 (i.e.,
more than 50% of drawings). However, independent of the grade level almost all the
drawings reflected a positive emotional classroom climate as a stable condition (trait).
With respect to the ambivalent classroom climate, an increase from the lower (24% in
Grade 3) to the higher grades is observable (43% in Grade 6), which – independent of
the grade level – reflected in almost all drawings a stable condition. Thus, Grade 6
students more often drew negative facial expressions, body postures, thought or
speech bubbles in their drawings of geometry lessons. A difference can be noted in the
depictions of negative features; in the lower grades, it is mostly teachers shown in a
negative mood, whereas in the higher grades it is students who are shown in a negative
mood. A neutral classroom climate was the third least coded emotional state with 10%
of drawings. Apart from Grade 4, where five students (15% of drawings) depicted their
geometry lessons as neutral, only two students (7%-8% of drawings) in Grades 3, 5,
and 6 depicted their classroom climate as neutral. In all grades, almost all interviews
confirmed this being a stable emotional condition in geometry lessons (trait). A
standout difference can be seen regarding the percentage of negative emotional
classroom climate. Among the third-graders, with one exception, no drawing was
drawn with purely negative features. This single drawing, however, represented a
state situation of emotion. None of the children in Grade 6 drew a picture with
negative features. In Grades 4 and 5, three and two drawings, respectively, showed a
negative classroom climate. With respect to the former, a state situation of emotion
was revealed in the interviews, whereas the Grade 5 drawings represented a trait
situation of emotion. Overall, the emotional classroom climate could not be identified
in five drawings (1-2 drawings per grade level) as no identifying characteristics were
either drawn or described.
LUMAT
866
Thus, when comparing all four grade levels, it can be observed that the greatest
difference concerns the distribution of positive and ambivalent classroom climates.
There was no significant difference in the proportion of drawings rated as negative.
This may be due, among other things, to the fact that the proportion of ambivalent
drawings is higher in Grade 6 (i.e., a larger proportion of drawn individuals with
negative features) than in Grades 3 to 5.
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