Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs International Energy Agency Eurostat European Environment Agency



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ASSESSMENT OF DATA 
(a) Data Needed to Compile the Indicator: Either (i) quantities of pollutants 
discharged from all energy-related activities, particularly from coal mining and oil 
extraction, or (ii) monthly or annual average site-specific concentrations of each of the 
pollutants. 
(b) National and International Data Availability and Sources: In Europe, 
information on discharges from energy industries can be found in the European 
Pollutant Emission Register (EPER), which was established by the European 
Commission as an inventory of emissions from those industries covered by Council 
Directive 96/61/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control (which 
includes large energy producers). Globally, however, the main challenge concerning 
data is to increase the frequency with which the data are collected, processed and 
updated at the national level. In a number of countries, the current practice still is to 
publish emission inventories at five-year intervals. Additional efforts are needed to 
improve the availability, completeness and comparability of data for air pollutant 
emissions. 
(c) Data References: Emissions data are available from the European Pollutant 
Emissions Register (http://www.eper.cec.eu.int). The European Environment Agency 
(EEA) provides information on water data flows and assessments 
(http://themes.eea.eu.int/Specific_media/water). The WHO maintains a Web site with 
information on water-law standards (http://www.who.int/waterlaw/). 
REFERENCES 
• EIPPCB, 2003. Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for Large 
Combustion Plant, March 2003 draft. Seville, Spain: European Integrated 
Pollution Prevention and Control Bureau. 
• EEA, 2003. Europe’s Water: An Indicator-Based Assessment. Topic report no. 
1/2003. Copenhagen, Denmark: European Environment Agency. 
• OECD, 1989. Energy and the Environment: Policy Overview. Paris, France: 
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)/ 
International Energy Agency (IEA). 
• UNEP, 1995. Biological Indicators and Their Use in the Measurement of the 
Condition of the Marine Environment. Report no. 55. Nairobi, Kenya: United 
Nations Environment Programme. 


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