Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs International Energy Agency Eurostat European Environment Agency



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METHODOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION
(a) Underlying Definitions and Concepts: Definitions are available from the Forest 
Resources Assessments of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United 
Nations (FAO). Forest area is defined as lands with a tree crown cover equal to or 
more than 10% of the area; plantation as the artificial establishment of forests by 
planting or seeding; and natural forests as natural and/or semi-natural established 
forests. The comparisons of forest area over time using reference years allows the 
calculation of change in absolute values and as a percentage of the total rate of 
deforestation (TRD). The rate of deforestation attributed to the use of wood as fuel 
(RD
fw
) is determined by using the ratio of the average annual fuelwood production 
(FWP) to the annual total forest fellings (TFF). 
(b) Measuring Methods: The measurement methods for forest area can be contained 
in national forest inventories and obtained by remote sensing, by sampling ground or 
cadastral surveys, or through a combination of these methods. 
The forest area is calculated as the sum of plantations and natural forest areas with 
tree crown cover of at least 10%. This calculation is made at given reference years as 
follows: 
The total rate of deforestation (TRD) is the compound annual rate in percent from year 
P to year N
(
)

















=
⎟⎠

⎜⎝

P
N
P
N
area
Forest
area
Forest
TRD
1
1
100

Then, the rate of deforestation attributed to fuelwood (RD
fw
) is 






=
TFF
FWP
TRD
RD
fw

where 
FWP is annual fuelwood production and TFF is annual total forest fellings. 


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