Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guidelines and Methodologies International Atomic Energy Agency United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs International Energy Agency Eurostat European Environment Agency



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Alternative Definitions 
Accumulated quantity of solid waste from energy 
production 
Agenda 21 
Chapter 21: Environmentally sound management 
of solid wastes and sewage-related issues 
Chapter 4: Changing consumption patterns 
POLICY RELEVANCE 
(a) Purpose: The main purpose of this indicator is to provide information on the 
amount and type of solid waste generated each year by the energy sector and for 
which proper disposal facilities are needed. 
(b) Relevance to Sustainable Development: From extraction of energy through to 
final use, the energy sector generates specific types of waste; for example, waste from 
coal mining, waste from processing of fuels and from combustion of fuel, etc. 
Volumes of mining waste tend to be large, and the nature of the waste makes it a 
safety hazard. If not properly secured, it can be susceptible to fire, to landslide and to 
the leaching of heavy metals and other pollutants into water and soil. In developing 
countries, scavenging on coal slag tips is common, leading to accidents and other 
health problems. In addition, large volumes of waste take up considerable space
blight the landscape and can spoil local wildlife habitats. For all waste types, 
inadequate storage and disposal can also lead to contamination of water bodies and 
soil through runoff and leaching. Moreover, much of the waste can potentially be used 
as a raw material — for example, as a building aggregate, which could reduce the 
need for quarrying, etc. — so that the non-use of this potential raw material represents 
a waste of resources. 


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(c) International Conventions and Agreements: There are no specific international 
agreements addressing the issue of solid waste from energy production or use. Agenda 
21 calls on developed countries to take the lead in promoting and implementing more 
sustainable consumption and production patterns, which are also priority areas for the 
Johannesburg Plan of Implementation. 

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