DOUBLE HYDROXIDE NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR
APPLICATION IN THE CONTAMINATED WATER TREATMENT
Ayshan Zulfiyeva Novruz, Taliya Mammadhasanzada Elmar, Ali Aliyev Tahir
Baku Higher Oil School
Baku, Azerbaijan
ayshan.zulfiyeva.std@bhos.edu.az, taliya.mammadhasanzada.std@bhos.edu.az,
ali.aliyev.std@bhos.edu.az
Supervisor: Amir Reza Vakhshouri
Keywords:
Photocatalysis, Layered Double Hydroxide, Diffusion
Massive amounts of a wide range of pollutants have posed a significant
threat to the environment and human health as a result of the fast global rise
of industrialization and anthropogenic impacts. As an ecologically friendly
method, solar photocatalytic decontamination is praised as a feasible option
for removing water contaminants. Various photocatalysts were already
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designed for water treatment purposes until now. Amongst them, layered
double hydroxides (LDHs) are advantageous for photocatalytic reactions
with their modifiable compositions and various morphological benefits, such
as wide chemical characteristics, huge interlamellar spaces forming composites
with other functional species, ion-exchange capabilities, and wide distribution
of surface-active sites. (Benício, et al., 2015)
As photocatalysts with great electron transferring abilities and
outstanding geometric properties, LDH materials that contain transition metal
cations in their hydroxide layers become of considerable significance with a
special emphasis on LDHs containing Zn which are well known for their strong
photocatalytic performance and chemical stability, nontoxicity, low cost, and
accessibility. (Xu, et al., 2015) (Gholami, Khataee, Soltani, Dinpazhoh, &
Bhatnagar, 2020) (Wang, et al., 2021). Nanostructured layered double
hydroxides (LDH) with distinctive diffusion characteristics, a wide surface
area, and advantageous properties have been developed recently for a
variety of well-established and innovative implementations. Unfortunately,
pure LDHs have several disadvantages, including inadequate visible light
consumption and high electron-hole pair recombination rates which lead to
photocatalytic efficiency degradation. Taking into account all the advantages
mentioned earlier, LDH hybrids have outstanding photocatalytic capabilities
for application in the treatment of wastewater. (Tang, Qiu, Lu, & Shi, 2020).
Doping the metals has shown to be the most efficient technique of altering
the internal electronic structure while boosting the absorption of light, hence
enhancing the photocatalytic effectiveness of semiconducting materials.
Aside from Zn-containing LDHs, hydrocalumite, i.e., Ca–Al LDH, has also
been extensively researched for its potential of biomedical and environmental
implications owing to its water-soluble features, eco-friendliness, and excellent
biocompatibility (Xie et al., 2021).
In this research, the co-precipitation technique was used to synthesize
Ca substituted ternary ZnAl-LDH photocatalyst material (Zn/Al/Ca LDH) with
a well-crystallized structure, which demonstrated outstanding photocatalytic
activity in comparison to the original ZnAl-LDH. On the presumption of
Ca:Zn:Al should be 1:1:1, the required amounts of metal hydrates were
diluted with deionized water while being constantly mixed with a magnetic
stirrer. The appropriate concentration of a NaOH solution was then poured
to keep the pH around 10, and the solution was kept at 60°C for 24 hours.
Centrifugation was used for separating the precipitate, which afterward was
washed two times and dried at 40°C. Via calcination of the LDH for 3 hours
at 300°C, the MMO was finally prepared. XRD analyses of composites proved
their successfully synthesis. In conclusion, the morphological and
compositional characteristics of hydrocalumite type LDH containing
Zn/Al/Ca composition was examined. The toxic metals and organic
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