Hypnosis in War Time
World War I
In their book, Shell Shock and its Lessons, Professors Grafton Elliott Smith and
Tom Hatherly Pear, wrote of their experience in treating men traumatized by life
in the trenches during World War I. Written in 1917, there was not yet a clinical
definition for what we today know as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD),
but these doctors were already treating it with hypnosis and seeing encouraging
results.
In a lecture
at Manchester University, Dr. Pear related that research that had
taken place since the publication of his co-authored book had revealed that
treatment of shell shock by hypnosis could fully restore those traumatized by
war, curing them fully of the neuroses arising, citing several cases he’d treated.
In
a February, 1920 issue of the British Medical Journal, Dr. William Brown
expanded on this theme, writing that the dissociation of mental functions due to
shell shock could be fully restored by the use of hypnosis. Citing walking,
speaking, and even limb paralysis, Dr. Brown wrote that hypnosis, by recalling
in the mind of the patient the circumstances under
which the faculty had been
lost, it might be fully regained through the agency of hypnotherapy.
One particular case, Dr. Brown writes, convinced him that in calling up the
memory of the injury, the patient was enabled to make contact with the emotions
around it and thus, be freed of the infirmity. A soldier
at Ypres had been left
with a severe tremor in one of his hands, after having been blown up on the front
line. Under hypnosis, he was taken back to the scene of the injury and walked
through the chain of events. After he’d been walked through the incident under
hypnosis, he awoke to find that his hand no longer trembled. He further
discovered that he was able to shave himself for the first time since the day of
the bombing.
By placing his patients under hypnosis and returning them to the scene of their
trauma and moreover, asking them to relive it, Dr. Brown found that the site of
the
complaint was, more often than not, the emotion surrounding the incident.
By unlocking that repressed emotion under hypnosis, Dr. Brown was able to
return his patients to health and free them from the neurotic manifestation of the
trauma they’d suffered.
But
hypnosis was, at the time, still viewed with a certain amount of suspicion
(and superstition). Religious institutions, particularly,
viewed hypnosis as an
inappropriate plumbing of the psyche better left to communion with the
Almighty, through prayer. Sadly, the result of traditional attitudes concerning
hypnosis cost many war veterans mightily. Their suffering stands as a testament
against anti-scientific attitudes toward alternative therapies.
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