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is the use of a word in the same grammatical but different
semantic relations to the
words in the context.
She lost her purse, head and reputation
.
There
are two types of Zeugma
1) zeugma, based interaction of independent and connected meanings of the word:
1)He paid him a visit and a fee. 2) He took his hat and his leave. 3) He fell into a chair
and fainting fit simultaneously
.
2)zeugma based on interaction of primary and secondary meanings of the word.
Oh men with sister dear
Oh men with mothers and wives!
It is not
linen
you are
wearing out,
But human creatures
lives
!
The main structural models of zeugma is V+ 2N
So Juan,
following honour
and his
nose,
Rushed where the thickest fire announced most foes
. (Byron. Don.Juan)
There are other structures of zeugma too: Adj.+ 2N
1) Clara was not a
narrow
woman either in
mind or body
.
2) “Sally”,said Mr. Bently in a
voice
almost as
low
as his
intentions
, “Let's go out
to the kitchen”
Pun is another stylistic devices based on interaction of two dictionary meanings in
the word .It is difficult sometimes to distinguish zeugma and pun . The only
distinguishing feature is a structural one. Zeugma usually
consists of three or more
components. It is realisation of two meanings in the word with the help of other words
in the context.
Pun is more independent. There need not necessarily be a word in the sentence to
which the pun-word refers. Thus the title of one of Oscar Wilde’s plays:
“The
importance of Being Earnest”
has a pun in it, as the name
of the hero and adjective
meaning “seriously- minded”.
“You know”-she (June) said. «I saw you drop your handkerchief .Is there anything
between you and John? Because, if so, you’d better drop that too.
(Galsworthy)
Zeugma and pun are used mainly in the belles-lettres style. The stylistic function of
this devices is to produce a humorous effect.
“I was such a lonesome girl until! you came” - she said. «There is not a
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